1 package edu.uci.iotproject.detection;
3 import edu.uci.iotproject.analysis.TriggerTrafficExtractor;
4 import edu.uci.iotproject.analysis.UserAction;
5 import edu.uci.iotproject.io.PcapHandleReader;
6 import edu.uci.iotproject.util.PrintUtils;
7 import org.jgrapht.GraphPath;
8 import org.jgrapht.alg.shortestpath.DijkstraShortestPath;
9 import org.jgrapht.graph.DefaultWeightedEdge;
10 import org.jgrapht.graph.SimpleDirectedWeightedGraph;
11 import org.pcap4j.core.*;
13 import java.time.Duration;
14 import java.time.Instant;
15 import java.time.ZoneId;
16 import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
17 import java.time.format.FormatStyle;
19 import java.util.function.Consumer;
22 * Detects an event signature that spans one or multiple TCP connections.
24 * @author Janus Varmarken {@literal <jvarmark@uci.edu>}
25 * @author Rahmadi Trimananda {@literal <rtrimana@uci.edu>}
27 public class SignatureDetector implements PacketListener, ClusterMatcher.ClusterMatchObserver {
30 public static void main(String[] args) throws PcapNativeException, NotOpenException {
31 String path = "/scratch/July-2018"; // Rahmadi
32 //String path = "/Users/varmarken/temp/UCI IoT Project/experiments"; // Janus
35 //final String inputPcapFile = path + "/evaluation/no-activity/no-activity.wlan1.pcap";
37 // D-Link Siren experiment
38 // final String inputPcapFile = path + "/evaluation/dlink-siren/dlink-siren.data.wlan1.pcap";
39 // final String inputPcapFile = path + "/evaluation/dlink-siren/dlink-siren.eth0.local.pcap";
40 // D-Link Siren DEVICE signatures
41 // final String onSignatureFile = path + "/2018-08/dlink-siren/onSignature-DLink-Siren-device.sig";
42 // final String offSignatureFile = path + "/2018-08/dlink-siren/offSignature-DLink-Siren-device.sig";
43 // D-Link Siren PHONE signatures
44 // final String onSignatureFile = path + "/2018-08/dlink-siren/onSignature-DLink-Siren-phone.sig";
45 // final String offSignatureFile = path + "/2018-08/dlink-siren/offSignature-DLink-Siren-phone.sig";
48 // Kwikset Doorlock Sep 12 experiment
49 // final String inputPcapFile = path + "/evaluation/kwikset-doorlock/kwikset-doorlock.data.wlan1.pcap";
50 final String inputPcapFile = path + "/evaluation/kwikset-doorlock/kwikset-doorlock.data.eth0.pcap";
51 // // Kwikset Doorlock PHONE signatures
52 final String onSignatureFile = path + "/2018-08/kwikset-doorlock/onSignature-Kwikset-Doorlock-phone-new.sig";
53 final String offSignatureFile = path + "/2018-08/kwikset-doorlock/offSignature-Kwikset-Doorlock-phone-new.sig";
56 // D-Link Plug experiment
57 //final String inputPcapFile = path + "/evaluation/dlink/dlink-plug.data.wlan1.pcap";
58 // final String inputPcapFile = path + "/evaluation/dlink/dlink-plug.data.eth0.pcap";
60 // D-Link Plug DEVICE signatures
61 // final String onSignatureFile = path + "/2018-07/dlink/onSignature-DLink-Plug-device.sig";
62 // final String offSignatureFile = path + "/2018-07/dlink/offSignature-DLink-Plug-device.sig";
63 // D-Link Plug PHONE signatures
64 // final String onSignatureFile = path + "/2018-07/dlink/onSignature-DLink-Plug-phone.sig";
65 // final String offSignatureFile = path + "/2018-07/dlink/offSignature-DLink-Plug-phone.sig";
67 // TODO: The following are negative tests against the PCAP file from UNSW
68 /* final String inputPcapFile = path + "/UNSW/16-09-28.pcap"; TODO: Seems to be broken! */
69 /* final String inputPcapFile = path + "/UNSW/16-10-02.pcap"; TODO: Seems to be broken! */
70 /* final String inputPcapFile = path + "/UNSW/16-10-03.pcap"; TODO: Seems to be broken! */
71 /* final String inputPcapFile = path + "/UNSW/16-10-04.pcap"; TODO: Seems to be broken! */
72 /* final String inputPcapFile = path + "/UNSW/16-10-07.pcap"; TODO: Seems to be broken! */
73 /* final String inputPcapFile = path + "/UNSW/16-10-08.pcap"; TODO: Seems to be broken! */
74 /* final String inputPcapFile = path + "/UNSW/16-10-09.pcap"; TODO: Seems to be broken! */
75 /* final String inputPcapFile = path + "/UNSW/16-10-10.pcap"; TODO: Seems to be broken! */
76 /* final String inputPcapFile = path + "/UNSW/16-10-11.pcap"; TODO: Seems to be broken! */
79 // final String inputPcapFile = path + "/UNSW/16-09-23.pcap";
80 // final String inputPcapFile = path + "/UNSW/16-09-24.pcap";
81 // final String inputPcapFile = path + "/UNSW/16-09-25.pcap";
82 // final String inputPcapFile = path + "/UNSW/16-09-26.pcap";
83 // final String inputPcapFile = path + "/UNSW/16-09-27.pcap";
84 // final String inputPcapFile = path + "/UNSW/16-09-29.pcap";
85 // final String inputPcapFile = path + "/UNSW/16-10-01.pcap";
86 // final String inputPcapFile = path + "/UNSW/16-10-06.pcap";
88 // TODO: The following one is very long!!!
89 // final String inputPcapFile = path + "/UNSW/16-10-12.pcap";
91 // TODO: The following are tests for signatures against training data
93 // D-Link Plug experiment
94 final String inputPcapFile = path + "/training/dlink-plug/wlan1/dlink-plug.wlan1.local.pcap";
95 // D-Link Plug DEVICE signatures
96 //final String onSignatureFile = path + "/training/dlink-plug/signatures/dlink-plug-onSignature-device-side.sig";
97 //final String offSignatureFile = path + "/training/dlink-plug/signatures/dlink-plug-offSignature-device-side.sig";
98 // D-Link Plug PHONE signatures
99 final String onSignatureFile = path + "/training/dlink-plug/signatures/dlink-plug-onSignature-phone-side.sig";
100 final String offSignatureFile = path + "/training/dlink-plug/signatures/dlink-plug-offSignature-phone-side.sig";
102 // TODO: EXPERIMENT - November 7, 2018
103 // D-Link Plug experiment
104 //final String inputPcapFile = path + "/experimental_result/standalone/dlink-plug/wlan1/dlink-plug.wlan1.local.pcap";
105 //final String inputPcapFile = path + "/experimental_result/smarthome/dlink-plug/wlan1/dlink-plug.wlan1.detection.pcap";
106 //final String inputPcapFile = path + "/experimental_result/smarthome/dlink-plug/eth0/dlink-plug.eth0.detection.pcap";
107 // D-Link Plug DEVICE signatures
108 // final String onSignatureFile = path + "/experimental_result/standalone/dlink-plug/signatures/dlink-plug-onSignature-device-side.sig";
109 // final String offSignatureFile = path + "/experimental_result/standalone/dlink-plug/signatures/dlink-plug-offSignature-device-side.sig";
110 // D-Link Plug PHONE signatures
111 //final String onSignatureFile = path + "/experimental_result/standalone/dlink-plug/signatures/dlink-plug-onSignature-phone-side.sig";
112 //final String offSignatureFile = path + "/experimental_result/standalone/dlink-plug/signatures/dlink-plug-offSignature-phone-side.sig";
114 // TODO: EXPERIMENT - November 9, 2018
115 // D-Link Siren experiment
116 //final String inputPcapFile = path + "/experimental_result/standalone/dlink-siren/wlan1/dlink-siren.wlan1.local.pcap";
117 //final String inputPcapFile = path + "/experimental_result/smarthome/dlink-siren/wlan1/dlink-siren.wlan1.detection.pcap";
118 // final String inputPcapFile = path + "/experimental_result/smarthome/dlink-siren/eth0/dlink-siren.eth0.detection.pcap";
119 // D-Link Siren DEVICE signatures
120 // TODO: The device signature does not have pairs---only one packet which is 216, so we don't consider this as a signature
121 // final String onSignatureFile = path + "/experimental_result/standalone/dlink-siren/signatures/dlink-siren-onSignature-device-side.sig";
122 // final String offSignatureFile = path + "/experimental_result/standalone/dlink-siren/signatures/dlink-siren-offSignature-device-side.sig";
123 // D-Link Siren PHONE signatures
124 // final String onSignatureFile = path + "/experimental_result/standalone/dlink-siren/signatures/dlink-siren-onSignature-phone-side.sig";
125 // final String offSignatureFile = path + "/experimental_result/standalone/dlink-siren/signatures/dlink-siren-offSignature-phone-side.sig";
127 // TP-Link Plug experiment
128 //final String inputPcapFile = path + "/training/tplink-plug/wlan1/tplink-plug.wlan1.local.pcap";
129 // TP-Link Plug DEVICE signatures
130 //final String onSignatureFile = path + "/training/tplink-plug/signatures/tplink-plug-onSignature-device-side.sig";
131 //final String offSignatureFile = path + "/training/tplink-plug/signatures/tplink-plug-offSignature-device-side.sig";
132 // TODO: EXPERIMENT - November 8, 2018
133 // TP-Link Plug experiment
134 // final String inputPcapFile = path + "/experimental_result/standalone/tplink-plug/wlan1/tplink-plug.wlan1.local.pcap";
135 // final String inputPcapFile = path + "/experimental_result/standalone/tplink-plug/eth0/tplink-plug.eth0.local.pcap";
136 // final String inputPcapFile = path + "/experimental_result/smarthome/tplink-plug/wlan1/tplink-plug.wlan1.detection.pcap";
137 //final String inputPcapFile = path + "/experimental_result/smarthome/tplink-plug/eth0/tplink-plug.eth0.detection.pcap";
138 // TP-Link Plug DEVICE signatures
139 // final String onSignatureFile = path + "/experimental_result/standalone/tplink-plug/signatures/tplink-plug-onSignature-device-side.sig";
140 // final String offSignatureFile = path + "/experimental_result/standalone/tplink-plug/signatures/tplink-plug-offSignature-device-side.sig";
141 // final String onSignatureFile = path + "/experimental_result/standalone/tplink-plug/signatures/tplink-plug-onSignature-device-side-outbound.sig";
142 // final String offSignatureFile = path + "/experimental_result/standalone/tplink-plug/signatures/tplink-plug-offSignature-device-side-outbound.sig";
143 // TP-Link Plug PHONE signatures
144 // final String onSignatureFile = path + "/experimental_result/standalone/tplink-plug/signatures/tplink-plug-onSignature-phone-side.sig";
145 // final String offSignatureFile = path + "/experimental_result/standalone/tplink-plug/signatures/tplink-plug-offSignature-phone-side.sig";
147 // Arlo camera experiment
148 // final String inputPcapFile = path + "/training/arlo-camera/wlan1/arlo-camera.wlan1.local.pcap";
149 // // TP-Link Plug DEVICE signatures
150 // final String onSignatureFile = path + "/training/arlo-camera/signatures/arlo-camera-onSignature-phone-side.sig";
151 // final String offSignatureFile = path + "/training/arlo-camera/signatures/arlo-camera-offSignature-phone-side.sig";
153 // Amazon Alexa experiment
154 // final String inputPcapFile = path + "/training/amazon-alexa/wlan1/alexa2.wlan1.local.pcap";
155 // // TP-Link Plug DEVICE signatures
156 // final String onSignatureFile = path + "/training/amazon-alexa/signatures/amazon-alexa-onSignature-device-side.sig";
157 // final String offSignatureFile = path + "/training/amazon-alexa/signatures/amazon-alexa-offSignature-device-side.sig";
159 // SmartThings Plug experiment
160 // final String inputPcapFile = path + "/training/st-plug/wlan1/st-plug.wlan1.local.pcap";
161 // // TP-Link Plug DEVICE signatures
162 // //final String onSignatureFile = path + "/training/st-plug/signatures/st-plug-onSignature-device-side.sig";
163 // //final String offSignatureFile = path + "/training/st-plug/signatures/st-plug-offSignature-device-side.sig";
164 // // TP-Link Plug PHONE signatures
165 // final String onSignatureFile = path + "/training/st-plug/signatures/st-plug-onSignature-phone-side.sig";
166 // final String offSignatureFile = path + "/training/st-plug/signatures/st-plug-offSignature-phone-side.sig";
169 // LiFX Bulb experiment
170 // final String inputPcapFile = path + "/training/lifx-bulb/wlan1/lifx-bulb.wlan1.local.pcap";
171 // // LiFX Bulb DEVICE signatures
172 // final String onSignatureFile = path + "/training/lifx-bulb/signatures/lifx-bulb-onSignature-device-side.sig";
173 // final String offSignatureFile = path + "/training/lifx-bulb/signatures/lifx-bulb-offSignature-device-side.sig";
174 // LiFX Bulb PHONE signatures
175 // final String onSignatureFile = path + "/training/lifx-bulb/signatures/lifx-bulb-onSignature-phone-side.sig";
176 // final String offSignatureFile = path + "/training/lifx-bulb/signatures/lifx-bulb-offSignature-phone-side.sig";
180 // Blossom Sprinkler experiment
181 //final String inputPcapFile = path + "/training/blossom-sprinkler/wlan1/blossom-sprinkler.wlan1.local.pcap";
182 final String inputPcapFile = path + "/training/blossom-sprinkler/eth0/blossom-sprinkler.eth0.local.pcap";
183 // Blossom Sprinkler DEVICE signatures
184 final String onSignatureFile = path + "/training/blossom-sprinkler/signatures/blossom-sprinkler-onSignature-device-side.sig";
185 final String offSignatureFile = path + "/training/blossom-sprinkler/signatures/blossom-sprinkler-offSignature-device-side.sig";
188 // Nest Thermostat experiment
189 // final String inputPcapFile = path + "/training/nest-thermostat/wlan1/nest-thermostat.wlan1.local.pcap";
190 // // Nest Thermostat DEVICE signatures
191 //// final String onSignatureFile = path + "/training/nest-thermostat/signatures/nest-thermostat-onSignature-device-side.sig";
192 //// final String offSignatureFile = path + "/training/nest-thermostat/signatures/nest-thermostat-offSignature-device-side.sig";
193 // // Nest Thermostat PHONE signatures
194 // final String onSignatureFile = path + "/training/nest-thermostat/signatures/nest-thermostat-onSignature-phone-side.sig";
195 // final String offSignatureFile = path + "/training/nest-thermostat/signatures/nest-thermostat-offSignature-phone-side.sig";
198 // Hue Bulb experiment
199 final String inputPcapFile = path + "/training/hue-bulb/wlan1/hue-bulb.wlan1.local.pcap";
200 // Hue Bulb PHONE signatures
201 final String onSignatureFile = path + "/training/hue-bulb/signatures/hue-bulb-onSignature-phone-side.sig";
202 final String offSignatureFile = path + "/training/hue-bulb/signatures/hue-bulb-offSignature-phone-side.sig";
206 // TP-Link Bulb experiment
207 final String inputPcapFile = path + "/training/tplink-bulb/wlan1/tplink-bulb.wlan1.local.pcap";
208 // TP-Link Bulb PHONE signatures
209 final String onSignatureFile = path + "/training/tplink-bulb/signatures/tplink-bulb-onSignature-phone-side.sig";
210 final String offSignatureFile = path + "/training/tplink-bulb/signatures/tplink-bulb-offSignature-phone-side.sig";
214 // WeMo Plug experiment
215 final String inputPcapFile = path + "/training/wemo-plug/wlan1/wemo-plug.wlan1.local.pcap";
216 // WeMo Plug PHONE signatures
217 final String onSignatureFile = path + "/training/wemo-plug/signatures/wemo-plug-onSignature-device-side.sig";
218 final String offSignatureFile = path + "/training/wemo-plug/signatures/wemo-plug-offSignature-device-side.sig";
222 // WeMo Insight Plug experiment
223 final String inputPcapFile = path + "/training/wemo-insight-plug/wlan1/wemo-insight-plug.wlan1.local.pcap";
224 // WeMo Insight Plug PHONE signatures
225 final String onSignatureFile = path + "/training/wemo-insight-plug/signatures/wemo-insight-plug-onSignature-device-side.sig";
226 final String offSignatureFile = path + "/training/wemo-insight-plug/signatures/wemo-insight-plug-offSignature-device-side.sig";
230 // Kwikset Doorlock Sep 12 experiment
231 // final String inputPcapFile = path + "/2018-08/kwikset-doorlock/kwikset3.wlan1.local.pcap";
232 // // Kwikset Doorlock PHONE signatures
233 // final String onSignatureFile = path + "/2018-08/kwikset-doorlock/onSignature-Kwikset-Doorlock-phone.sig";
234 // final String offSignatureFile = path + "/2018-08/kwikset-doorlock/offSignature-Kwikset-Doorlock-phone.sig";
235 // TODO: EXPERIMENT - November 10, 2018
236 // Kwikset Door lock experiment
237 // final String inputPcapFile = path + "/experimental_result/standalone/kwikset-doorlock/wlan1/kwikset-doorlock.wlan1.local.pcap";
238 // //final String inputPcapFile = path + "/experimental_result/smarthome/kwikset-doorlock/wlan1/kwikset-doorlock.wlan1.detection.pcap";
239 //// final String inputPcapFile = path + "/experimental_result/smarthome/kwikset-doorlock/eth0/kwikset-doorlock.eth0.detection.pcap";
240 // // Kwikset Door lock PHONE signatures
241 // final String onSignatureFile = path + "/experimental_result/standalone/kwikset-doorlock/signatures/kwikset-doorlock-onSignature-phone-side.sig";
242 // final String offSignatureFile = path + "/experimental_result/standalone/kwikset-doorlock/signatures/kwikset-doorlock-offSignature-phone-side.sig";
247 // D-Link Siren experiment
248 final String inputPcapFile = path + "/2018-08/dlink-siren/dlink-siren.wlan1.local.pcap";
249 // D-Link Siren DEVICE signatures
250 //final String onSignatureFile = path + "/2018-08/dlink-siren/onSignature-DLink-Siren-device.sig";
251 //final String offSignatureFile = path + "/2018-08/dlink-siren/offSignature-DLink-Siren-device.sig";
252 // D-Link Siren PHONE signatures
253 final String onSignatureFile = path + "/2018-08/dlink-siren/onSignature-DLink-Siren-phone.sig";
254 final String offSignatureFile = path + "/2018-08/dlink-siren/offSignature-DLink-Siren-phone.sig";
257 List<List<List<PcapPacket>>> onSignature = PrintUtils.deserializeSignatureFromFile(onSignatureFile);
258 List<List<List<PcapPacket>>> offSignature = PrintUtils.deserializeSignatureFromFile(offSignatureFile);
261 // SignatureDetector onDetector = new SignatureDetector(onSignature, null);
262 // SignatureDetector offDetector = new SignatureDetector(offSignature, null);
264 SignatureDetector onDetector = new SignatureDetector(onSignature, "128.195.205.105");
265 SignatureDetector offDetector = new SignatureDetector(offSignature, "128.195.205.105");
267 final DateTimeFormatter dateTimeFormatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofLocalizedDateTime(FormatStyle.MEDIUM).
268 withLocale(Locale.US).withZone(ZoneId.of("America/Los_Angeles"));
270 // Outputs information about a detected event to std.out
271 final Consumer<UserAction> outputter = ua -> {
272 String eventDescription;
273 switch (ua.getType()) {
275 eventDescription = "ON";
278 eventDescription = "OFF";
281 throw new AssertionError("unhandled event type");
283 //String output = String.format("[ !!! %s SIGNATURE DETECTED at %s !!! ]",
284 // eventDescription, dateTimeFormatter.format(ua.getTimestamp()));
285 String output = String.format("%s",
286 dateTimeFormatter.format(ua.getTimestamp()));
287 System.out.println(output);
290 // Let's create observers that construct a UserAction representing the detected event.
291 final List<UserAction> detectedEvents = new ArrayList<>();
292 onDetector.addObserver((searched, match) -> {
293 PcapPacket firstPkt = match.get(0).get(0);
294 detectedEvents.add(new UserAction(UserAction.Type.TOGGLE_ON, firstPkt.getTimestamp()));
296 offDetector.addObserver((searched, match) -> {
297 PcapPacket firstPkt = match.get(0).get(0);
298 detectedEvents.add(new UserAction(UserAction.Type.TOGGLE_OFF, firstPkt.getTimestamp()));
303 handle = Pcaps.openOffline(inputPcapFile, PcapHandle.TimestampPrecision.NANO);
304 } catch (PcapNativeException pne) {
305 handle = Pcaps.openOffline(inputPcapFile);
307 PcapHandleReader reader = new PcapHandleReader(handle, p -> true, onDetector, offDetector);
308 reader.readFromHandle();
310 // TODO: need a better way of triggering detection than this...
311 onDetector.mClusterMatchers.forEach(cm -> cm.performDetection());
312 offDetector.mClusterMatchers.forEach(cm -> cm.performDetection());
314 // Sort the list of detected events by timestamp to make it easier to compare it line-by-line with the trigger
316 Collections.sort(detectedEvents, Comparator.comparing(UserAction::getTimestamp));
319 // Output the detected events
320 //detectedEvents.forEach(outputter);
322 // TODO: Temporary clean up until we clean the pipeline
323 List<UserAction> cleanedDetectedEvents = SignatureDetector.removeDuplicates(detectedEvents);
324 cleanedDetectedEvents.forEach(outputter);
328 * The signature that this {@link SignatureDetector} is searching for.
330 private final List<List<List<PcapPacket>>> mSignature;
333 * The {@link ClusterMatcher}s in charge of detecting each individual sequence of packets that together make up the
336 private final List<ClusterMatcher> mClusterMatchers;
339 * For each {@code i} ({@code i >= 0 && i < pendingMatches.length}), {@code pendingMatches[i]} holds the matches
340 * found by the {@link ClusterMatcher} at {@code mClusterMatchers.get(i)} that have yet to be "consumed", i.e.,
341 * have yet to be included in a signature detected by this {@link SignatureDetector} (a signature can be encompassed
342 * of multiple packet sequences occurring shortly after one another on multiple connections).
344 private final List<List<PcapPacket>>[] pendingMatches;
347 * Maps a {@link ClusterMatcher} to its corresponding index in {@link #pendingMatches}.
349 private final Map<ClusterMatcher, Integer> mClusterMatcherIds;
351 private final List<SignatureDetectionObserver> mObservers = new ArrayList<>();
354 * Remove duplicates in {@code List} of {@code UserAction} objects. We need to clean this up for user actions
355 * that appear multiple times.
356 * TODO: This static method is probably just for temporary and we could get rid of this after we clean up
359 * @param listUserAction A {@link List} of {@code UserAction}.
362 public static List<UserAction> removeDuplicates(List<UserAction> listUserAction) {
364 // Iterate and check for duplicates (check timestamps)
365 Set<Long> epochSecondSet = new HashSet<>();
366 // Create a target list for cleaned up list
367 List<UserAction> listUserActionClean = new ArrayList<>();
368 for(UserAction userAction : listUserAction) {
369 // Don't insert if any duplicate is found
370 if(!epochSecondSet.contains(userAction.getTimestamp().getEpochSecond())) {
371 listUserActionClean.add(userAction);
372 epochSecondSet.add(userAction.getTimestamp().getEpochSecond());
375 return listUserActionClean;
378 public SignatureDetector(List<List<List<PcapPacket>>> searchedSignature, String routerWanIp) {
379 // note: doesn't protect inner lists from changes :'(
380 mSignature = Collections.unmodifiableList(searchedSignature);
381 // Generate corresponding/appropriate ClusterMatchers based on the provided signature
382 List<ClusterMatcher> clusterMatchers = new ArrayList<>();
383 for (List<List<PcapPacket>> cluster : mSignature) {
384 clusterMatchers.add(new ClusterMatcher(cluster, routerWanIp, this));
386 mClusterMatchers = Collections.unmodifiableList(clusterMatchers);
389 pendingMatches = new List[mClusterMatchers.size()];
390 for (int i = 0; i < pendingMatches.length; i++) {
391 pendingMatches[i] = new ArrayList<>();
393 Map<ClusterMatcher, Integer> clusterMatcherIds = new HashMap<>();
394 for (int i = 0; i < mClusterMatchers.size(); i++) {
395 clusterMatcherIds.put(mClusterMatchers.get(i), i);
397 mClusterMatcherIds = Collections.unmodifiableMap(clusterMatcherIds);
400 public void addObserver(SignatureDetectionObserver observer) {
401 mObservers.add(observer);
404 public boolean removeObserver(SignatureDetectionObserver observer) {
405 return mObservers.remove(observer);
409 public void gotPacket(PcapPacket packet) {
410 // simply delegate packet reception to all ClusterMatchers.
411 mClusterMatchers.forEach(cm -> cm.gotPacket(packet));
415 public void onMatch(ClusterMatcher clusterMatcher, List<PcapPacket> match) {
416 // Add the match at the corresponding index
417 pendingMatches[mClusterMatcherIds.get(clusterMatcher)].add(match);
418 checkSignatureMatch();
421 private void checkSignatureMatch() {
422 // << Graph-based approach using Balint's idea. >>
423 // This implementation assumes that the packets in the inner lists (the sequences) are ordered by asc timestamp.
425 // There cannot be a signature match until each ClusterMatcher has found a match of its respective sequence.
426 if (Arrays.stream(pendingMatches).noneMatch(l -> l.isEmpty())) {
428 final SimpleDirectedWeightedGraph<Vertex, DefaultWeightedEdge> graph =
429 new SimpleDirectedWeightedGraph<>(DefaultWeightedEdge.class);
430 // Add a vertex for each match found by all ClusterMatchers
431 // And maintain an array to keep track of what cluster matcher each vertex corresponds to
432 final List<Vertex>[] vertices = new List[pendingMatches.length];
433 for (int i = 0; i < pendingMatches.length; i++) {
434 vertices[i] = new ArrayList<>();
435 for (List<PcapPacket> sequence : pendingMatches[i]) {
436 Vertex v = new Vertex(sequence);
437 vertices[i].add(v); // retain reference for later when we are to add edges
438 graph.addVertex(v); // add to vertex to graph
441 // Add dummy source and sink vertices to facilitate search.
442 final Vertex source = new Vertex(null);
443 final Vertex sink = new Vertex(null);
444 graph.addVertex(source);
445 graph.addVertex(sink);
446 // The source is connected to all vertices that wrap the sequences detected by ClusterMatcher at index 0.
447 // Note: zero cost edges as this is just a dummy link to facilitate search from a common start node.
448 for (Vertex v : vertices[0]) {
449 DefaultWeightedEdge edge = graph.addEdge(source, v);
450 graph.setEdgeWeight(edge, 0.0);
452 // Similarly, all vertices that wrap the sequences detected by the last ClusterMatcher of the signature
453 // are connected to the sink node.
454 for (Vertex v : vertices[vertices.length-1]) {
455 DefaultWeightedEdge edge = graph.addEdge(v, sink);
456 graph.setEdgeWeight(edge, 0.0);
458 // Now link sequences detected by ClusterMatcher at index i to sequences detected by ClusterMatcher at index
459 // i+1 if they obey the timestamp constraint (i.e., that the latter is later in time than the former).
460 for (int i = 0; i < vertices.length; i++) {
462 if (j < vertices.length) {
463 for (Vertex iv : vertices[i]) {
464 PcapPacket ivLast = iv.sequence.get(iv.sequence.size()-1);
465 for (Vertex jv : vertices[j]) {
466 PcapPacket jvFirst = jv.sequence.get(jv.sequence.size()-1);
467 if (ivLast.getTimestamp().isBefore(jvFirst.getTimestamp())) {
468 DefaultWeightedEdge edge = graph.addEdge(iv, jv);
469 // The weight is the duration of the i'th sequence plus the duration between the i'th
470 // and i+1'th sequence.
471 Duration d = Duration.
472 between(iv.sequence.get(0).getTimestamp(), jvFirst.getTimestamp());
473 // Unfortunately weights are double values, so must convert from long to double.
474 // TODO: need nano second precision? If so, use d.toNanos().
475 // TODO: risk of overflow when converting from long to double..?
476 graph.setEdgeWeight(edge, Long.valueOf(d.toMillis()).doubleValue());
478 // Alternative version if we cannot assume that sequences are ordered by timestamp:
479 // if (iv.sequence.stream().max(Comparator.comparing(PcapPacket::getTimestamp)).get()
480 // .getTimestamp().isBefore(jv.sequence.stream().min(
481 // Comparator.comparing(PcapPacket::getTimestamp)).get().getTimestamp())) {
488 // Graph construction complete, run shortest-path to find a (potential) signature match.
489 DijkstraShortestPath<Vertex, DefaultWeightedEdge> dijkstra = new DijkstraShortestPath<>(graph);
490 GraphPath<Vertex, DefaultWeightedEdge> shortestPath = dijkstra.getPath(source, sink);
491 if (shortestPath != null) {
492 // The total weight is the duration between the first packet of the first sequence and the last packet
493 // of the last sequence, so we simply have to compare the weight against the timeframe that we allow
494 // the signature to span. For now we just use the inclusion window we defined for training purposes.
495 // Note however, that we must convert back from double to long as the weight is stored as a double in
497 if (((long)shortestPath.getWeight()) < TriggerTrafficExtractor.INCLUSION_WINDOW_MILLIS) {
498 // There's a signature match!
499 // Extract the match from the vertices
500 List<List<PcapPacket>> signatureMatch = new ArrayList<>();
501 for(Vertex v : shortestPath.getVertexList()) {
502 if (v == source || v == sink) {
503 // Skip the dummy source and sink nodes.
506 signatureMatch.add(v.sequence);
507 // As there is a one-to-one correspondence between vertices[] and pendingMatches[], we know that
508 // the sequence we've "consumed" for index i of the matched signature is also at index i in
509 // pendingMatches. We must remove it from pendingMatches so that we don't use it to construct
510 // another signature match in a later call.
511 pendingMatches[signatureMatch.size()-1].remove(v.sequence);
513 // Declare success: notify observers
514 mObservers.forEach(obs -> obs.onSignatureDetected(mSignature,
515 Collections.unmodifiableList(signatureMatch)));
522 * Used for registering for notifications of signatures detected by a {@link SignatureDetector}.
524 interface SignatureDetectionObserver {
527 * Invoked when the {@link SignatureDetector} detects the presence of a signature in the traffic that it's
529 * @param searchedSignature The signature that the {@link SignatureDetector} reporting the match is searching
531 * @param matchingTraffic The actual traffic trace that matches the searched signature.
533 void onSignatureDetected(List<List<List<PcapPacket>>> searchedSignature,
534 List<List<PcapPacket>> matchingTraffic);
538 * Encapsulates a {@code List<PcapPacket>} so as to allow the list to be used as a vertex in a graph while avoiding
539 * the expensive {@link AbstractList#equals(Object)} calls when adding vertices to the graph.
540 * Using this wrapper makes the incurred {@code equals(Object)} calls delegate to {@link Object#equals(Object)}
541 * instead of {@link AbstractList#equals(Object)}. The net effect is a faster implementation, but the graph will not
542 * recognize two lists that contain the same items--from a value and not reference point of view--as the same
543 * vertex. However, this is fine for our purposes -- in fact restricting it to reference equality seems more
546 private static class Vertex {
547 private final List<PcapPacket> sequence;
548 private Vertex(List<PcapPacket> wrappedSequence) {
549 sequence = wrappedSequence;