Code/Projects/SmartPlugDetector/src/main/java/edu/uci/iotproject/Main.java

   1 package edu.uci.iotproject;
   2
   3
   4 import org.pcap4j.core.*;
   5 import org.pcap4j.packet.*;
   6 import org.pcap4j.packet.DnsPacket;
   7 import org.pcap4j.packet.namednumber.DnsResourceRecordType;
   8
   9 import java.io.EOFException;
  10 import java.net.Inet4Address;
  11 import java.net.UnknownHostException;
  12 import java.util.*;
  13 import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
  14
  15 /**
  16  * This is a system that reads PCAP files to compare
  17  * patterns of DNS hostnames, packet sequences, and packet
  18  * lengths with training data to determine certain events
  19  * or actions for smart home devices.
  20  *
  21  * @author Janus Varmarken
  22  * @author Rahmadi Trimananda (rtrimana@uci.edu)
  23  * @version 0.1
  24  */
  25 public class Main {
  26
  27
  28     public static void main(String[] args) throws PcapNativeException, NotOpenException, EOFException, TimeoutException, UnknownHostException {
  29         final String fileName = "/users/varmarken/Desktop/wlan1.local.dns.pcap";
  30         List<DnsPacket> dnsPackets = extractDnsAnswerPackets(fileName);
  31         Map<String, Set<String>> ipToHostnameMap = constructIpToHostnameMap(dnsPackets);
  32         ipToHostnameMap.forEach((k,v) -> System.out.println(String.format("%s => %s", k, v.toString())));
  33     }
  34
  35     /**
  36      * Opens a PCAP file and extracts all DNS reply packets with non-empty answer sections.
  37      * @param pcapFileName The name of the PCAP file.
  38      * @return A list of DNS reply packets.
  39      * @throws PcapNativeException
  40      * @throws NotOpenException
  41      * @throws TimeoutException
  42      */
  43     private static List<DnsPacket> extractDnsAnswerPackets(String pcapFileName) throws PcapNativeException, NotOpenException, TimeoutException {
  44         PcapHandle handle;
  45         try {
  46             handle = Pcaps.openOffline(pcapFileName, PcapHandle.TimestampPrecision.NANO);
  47         } catch (PcapNativeException pne) {
  48             handle = Pcaps.openOffline(pcapFileName);
  49         }
  50         // Apparently BPFs don't support "dns" protocol filter, so have to filter by port.
  51         handle.setFilter("port 53", BpfProgram.BpfCompileMode.OPTIMIZE);
  52         ArrayList<DnsPacket> result = new ArrayList<>();
  53         try {
  54             Packet packet;
  55             while ((packet = handle.getNextPacketEx()) != null) {
  56                 DnsPacket dnsPacket = packet.get(DnsPacket.class);
  57                 // We only care about DNS answers.
  58                 if (dnsPacket != null && dnsPacket.getHeader().getAnswers().size() != 0) {
  59                     result.add(dnsPacket);
  60                 }
  61             }
  62         } catch (EOFException eof) {
  63             // (Note have to resort to EOFException as handle.getStats().getNumPacketsCaptured() only works on Windows)
  64             // Clean up.
  65             handle.close();
  66         }
  67         System.out.println(String.format("Found %d DNS answers", result.size()));
  68         return result;
  69     }
  70
  71     /**
  72      * Based on the information found in a list of DNS replies, this method constructs a {@link Map} that maps from an
  73      * IP to a {@link Set} of hostnames associated with that IP.
  74      *
  75      * @param dnsPackets A list of DNS <em>reply</em> packets.
  76      * @return A {@link Map} that maps from an IP to a {@link Set} of hostnames associated with that IP
  77      * @throws UnknownHostException If an IP found in a {@code DnsPacket} is of incorrect length.
  78      */
  79     private static Map<String, Set<String>> constructIpToHostnameMap(List<DnsPacket> dnsPackets) throws UnknownHostException {
  80         HashMap<String, Set<String>> result = new HashMap<>();
  81         for(DnsPacket dnsPacket : dnsPackets) {
  82             // The hostname that this DNS reply provides answers for.
  83             // TODO: safe to assume only one question?
  84             String hostname = dnsPacket.getHeader().getQuestions().get(0).getQName().getName();
  85             for(DnsResourceRecord answer : dnsPacket.getHeader().getAnswers()) {
  86                 // We only care about type A records
  87                 if (!answer.getDataType().equals(DnsResourceRecordType.A)) {
  88                     continue;
  89                 }
  90                 // Sanity check. For some reason the hostname appears to be the empty string in the answer .
  91                 // We hence have to assume that all answers correspond to a single question that holds the hostname as part of its object tree.
  92                 // Therefore, if there are more questions in one query-reply exchange, we are in trouble.
  93                 if (!answer.getName().getName().equals("") && !answer.getName().getName().equals(hostname)) {
  94                     throw new RuntimeException("[DNS parser] mismatch between hostname in question and hostname in answer");
  95                 }
  96                 // The IP in byte representation.
  97                 byte[] ipBytes = answer.getRData().getRawData();
  98                 // Convert to string representation.
  99                 String ip = Inet4Address.getByAddress(ipBytes).getHostAddress();
 100                 HashSet<String> hostnameSet = new HashSet<>();
 101                 hostnameSet.add(hostname);
 102                 // Update or insert depending on presence of key:
 103                 // Concat the existing set and the new set if ip already present as key,
 104                 // otherwise add an entry for ip pointing to new set.
 105                 result.merge(ip, hostnameSet, (v1, v2) -> { v1.addAll(v2); return v1; });
 106             }
 107         }
 108         return result;
 109     }
 110
 111 //    /**
 112 //     * Private class properties
 113 //     */
 114 //    private Pcap pcap;
 115 //    private List<Pcap.Packet> listPacket;
 116 //    private Map<String, String> mapIPAddressToHostname;
 117 //
 118 //    /**
 119 //     * Private class constants
 120 //     */
 121 //    private static final int DNS_PORT = 53;
 122 //
 123 //    /**
 124 //     * Constructor
 125 //     *
 126 //     * @param   file    name of the analyzed PCAP file
 127 //     */
 128 //    public Main(String file) throws IOException {
 129 //
 130 //        pcap = Pcap.fromFile(file);
 131 //        listPacket = pcap.packets();
 132 //        mapIPAddressToHostname = new HashMap<String, String>();
 133 //    }
 134 //
 135 //
 136 //
 137 //
 138 //
 139 //    /**
 140 //     * Private method that maps DNS hostnames to their
 141 //     * respected IP addresses. This method iterates
 142 //     * through the List<Pcap.Packet>, gets DNS packets,
 143 //     * and gets the IP addresses associated with them.
 144 //     */
 145 //    private void mapHostnamesToIPAddresses() {
 146 //
 147 //        int counter = 1;
 148 //        for(Pcap.Packet packet : listPacket) {
 149 //            System.out.print("# " + counter++);
 150 //            // Check the packet type
 151 //            if (packet._root().hdr().network() == Pcap.Linktype.ETHERNET) {
 152 //                EthernetFrame ethFrame = (EthernetFrame) packet.body();
 153 //                if (ethFrame.etherType() == EthernetFrame.EtherTypeEnum.IPV4) {
 154 //                    Ipv4Packet ip4Packet = (Ipv4Packet) ethFrame.body();
 155 //
 156 //                    System.out.print(" - Protocol: " + ip4Packet.protocol());
 157 //                    if (ip4Packet.protocol() == Ipv4Packet.ProtocolEnum.UDP) {
 158 //                        // DNS is UDP port 53
 159 //                        UdpDatagram udpData = (UdpDatagram) ip4Packet.body();
 160 //                        System.out.print(" - Source Port: " + udpData.srcPort());
 161 //                        System.out.print(" - Dest Port: " + udpData.dstPort());
 162 //
 163 //                        // Source port 53 means this is DNS response
 164 //                        if (udpData.srcPort() == DNS_PORT) {
 165 //                            KaitaiStream dnsStream = new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(udpData.body());
 166 //                            DnsPacket dnsPacket = new DnsPacket(dnsStream);
 167 //                            ArrayList<DnsPacket.Query> queries = dnsPacket.queries();
 168 //                            ArrayList<DnsPacket.Answer> answers = dnsPacket.answers();
 169 //                            String strDomainName = new String();
 170 //                            for(DnsPacket.Query query : queries) {
 171 //                                System.out.print(" - Queries: ");
 172 //                                DnsPacket.DomainName domainName = query.name();
 173 //                                ArrayList<DnsPacket.Label> labels = domainName.name();
 174 //                                for(int i = 0; i < labels.size(); i++) {
 175 //                                    System.out.print(labels.get(i).name());
 176 //                                    strDomainName = strDomainName + labels.get(i).name();
 177 //                                    if(i < labels.size()-2) {
 178 //                                        System.out.print(".");
 179 //                                        strDomainName = strDomainName + ".";
 180 //                                    }
 181 //                                }
 182 //                                break;  // We are assuming that there is only one query
 183 //                            }
 184 //                            System.out.print(" - Answers " + answers.size());
 185 //                            for(DnsPacket.Answer answer : answers) {
 186 //                                System.out.print(" - TypeType: " + answer.type());
 187 //                                System.out.print(" - ClassType: " + answer.answerClass());
 188 //                                System.out.print("\n - Answers: ");
 189 //                                DnsPacket.Address address = answer.address();
 190 //                                if (answer.type() == DnsPacket.TypeType.A) {
 191 //                                    String strAnswer = new String();
 192 //                                    ArrayList<Integer> ipList = address.ip();
 193 //                                    for(int i = 0; i < ipList.size(); i++) {
 194 //                                        System.out.print(ipList.get(i));
 195 //                                        strAnswer = strAnswer + Integer.toString(ipList.get(i));
 196 //                                        if(i < ipList.size()-1) {
 197 //                                            System.out.print(".");
 198 //                                            strAnswer = strAnswer + ".";
 199 //                                        }
 200 //                                    }
 201 //                                    mapIPAddressToHostname.put(strAnswer, strDomainName);
 202 //                                }
 203 //                            }
 204 //                        }
 205 //                    }
 206 //                }
 207 //            }
 208 //            System.out.println();
 209 //        }
 210 ////        for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry : mapIPAddressToHostname.entrySet()) {
 211 ////            if (entry.getValue().equals("devs.tplinkcloud.com")) {
 212 ////                System.out.println(entry.getKey() + " - " + entry.getValue());
 213 ////            }
 214 ////        }
 215 //        System.out.println("Total map size: " + mapIPAddressToHostname.size());
 216 //        System.out.println("Answer for 13.33.41.8: " + mapIPAddressToHostname.get("13.33.41.8"));
 217 //        System.out.println("Answer for 34.226.240.125: " + mapIPAddressToHostname.get("34.226.240.125"));
 218 //    }
 219 //
 220 //    /*private String cloudIPAddress(String hostName) {
 221 //        if (hostName.equals("events.tplinkra.com"))
 222 //            return "205.251.203.26";
 223 //        else
 224 //            return null;
 225 //    }*/
 226 //
 227 //    // TODO move to separate class
 228 //    // Add parameter that is the trace to be analyzed (most like the pcap library's representation of a flow)
 229 //    public String findPattern(Map<String, List<Integer>> hostnameToPacketLengths, String smartPlugIp) {
 230 //
 231 //        // No difference, output "Complete match"
 232 //        // If difference, output <Packet no, deviation from expected> for each packet
 233 //        return null;
 234 //    }
 235 //
 236 //    public static void main(String[] args) {
 237 //        System.out.println("it works");
 238 //
 239 //        //String file = "/home/rtrimana/pcap_processing/smart_home_traffic/Code/Projects/SmartPlugDetector/pcap/wlan1.local.dns.pcap";
 240 //        String file = "/home/rtrimana/pcap_processing/smart_home_traffic/Code/Projects/SmartPlugDetector/pcap/wlan1.remote.dns.pcap";
 241 //
 242 //        try {
 243 //            Main main = new Main(file);
 244 //            main.mapHostnamesToIPAddresses();
 245 //
 246 //            /*Pcap data = Pcap.fromFile(file);
 247 //            List<Pcap.Packet> listPacket = data.packets();
 248 //            System.out.println("Number of packets: " + listPacket.size());
 249 //            System.out.println("===================");
 250 //            for(Pcap.Packet packet : listPacket) {
 251 //                if (packet._root().hdr().network() == Pcap.Linktype.ETHERNET) {
 252 //                    EthernetFrame eFrame = (EthernetFrame) packet.body();
 253 //                    if (eFrame.etherType() == EthernetFrame.EtherTypeEnum.IPV4) {
 254 //                        Ipv4Packet ip4Packet = (Ipv4Packet) eFrame.body();
 255 //                        byte[] srcIp = ip4Packet.srcIpAddr();
 256 //                        byte[] dstIp = ip4Packet.dstIpAddr();
 257 //                        System.out.println("Byte length source: " + srcIp.length + " Byte length dest: " + dstIp.length);
 258 //                        System.out.print("Source: ");
 259 //                        for(int i = 0; i < srcIp.length; i++) {
 260 //                            System.out.print(Byte.toUnsignedInt(srcIp[i]));
 261 //                            if(i < srcIp.length-1)
 262 //                                System.out.print(".");
 263 //                        }
 264 //                        System.out.print(" - Dest: ");
 265 //                        for(int i = 0; i < dstIp.length; i++) {
 266 //                            System.out.print(Byte.toUnsignedInt(dstIp[i]));
 267 //                            if(i < dstIp.length-1)
 268 //                                System.out.print(".");
 269 //                            else
 270 //                                System.out.println("\n");
 271 //                        }
 272 //                    }
 273 //                }
 274 //            }*/
 275 //
 276 //        } catch (Exception e) {
 277 //            e.printStackTrace();
 278 //        }
 279 //    }
 280 }