+/// MinAlign - A and B are either alignments or offsets. Return the minimum
+/// alignment that may be assumed after adding the two together.
+inline uint64_t MinAlign(uint64_t A, uint64_t B) {
+ // The largest power of 2 that divides both A and B.
+ //
+ // Replace "-Value" by "1+~Value" in the following commented code to avoid
+ // MSVC warning C4146
+ // return (A | B) & -(A | B);
+ return (A | B) & (1 + ~(A | B));
+}
+
+/// \brief Aligns \c Addr to \c Alignment bytes, rounding up.
+///
+/// Alignment should be a power of two. This method rounds up, so
+/// alignAddr(7, 4) == 8 and alignAddr(8, 4) == 8.
+inline uintptr_t alignAddr(void *Addr, size_t Alignment) {
+ assert(Alignment && isPowerOf2_64((uint64_t)Alignment) &&
+ "Alignment is not a power of two!");
+
+ assert((uintptr_t)Addr + Alignment - 1 >= (uintptr_t)Addr);
+
+ return (((uintptr_t)Addr + Alignment - 1) & ~(uintptr_t)(Alignment - 1));
+}
+
+/// \brief Returns the necessary adjustment for aligning \c Ptr to \c Alignment
+/// bytes, rounding up.
+inline size_t alignmentAdjustment(void *Ptr, size_t Alignment) {
+ return alignAddr(Ptr, Alignment) - (uintptr_t)Ptr;
+}
+
+/// NextPowerOf2 - Returns the next power of two (in 64-bits)
+/// that is strictly greater than A. Returns zero on overflow.
+inline uint64_t NextPowerOf2(uint64_t A) {
+ A |= (A >> 1);
+ A |= (A >> 2);
+ A |= (A >> 4);
+ A |= (A >> 8);
+ A |= (A >> 16);
+ A |= (A >> 32);
+ return A + 1;
+}
+
+/// Returns the power of two which is less than or equal to the given value.
+/// Essentially, it is a floor operation across the domain of powers of two.
+inline uint64_t PowerOf2Floor(uint64_t A) {
+ if (!A) return 0;
+ return 1ull << (63 - countLeadingZeros(A, ZB_Undefined));
+}
+
+/// Returns the next integer (mod 2**64) that is greater than or equal to
+/// \p Value and is a multiple of \p Align. \p Align must be non-zero.
+///
+/// Examples:
+/// \code
+/// RoundUpToAlignment(5, 8) = 8
+/// RoundUpToAlignment(17, 8) = 24
+/// RoundUpToAlignment(~0LL, 8) = 0
+/// \endcode
+inline uint64_t RoundUpToAlignment(uint64_t Value, uint64_t Align) {
+ return ((Value + Align - 1) / Align) * Align;
+}
+
+/// Returns the offset to the next integer (mod 2**64) that is greater than
+/// or equal to \p Value and is a multiple of \p Align. \p Align must be
+/// non-zero.
+inline uint64_t OffsetToAlignment(uint64_t Value, uint64_t Align) {
+ return RoundUpToAlignment(Value, Align) - Value;
+}
+
+/// abs64 - absolute value of a 64-bit int. Not all environments support
+/// "abs" on whatever their name for the 64-bit int type is. The absolute
+/// value of the largest negative number is undefined, as with "abs".
+inline int64_t abs64(int64_t x) {
+ return (x < 0) ? -x : x;
+}
+
+/// SignExtend32 - Sign extend B-bit number x to 32-bit int.
+/// Usage int32_t r = SignExtend32<5>(x);
+template <unsigned B> inline int32_t SignExtend32(uint32_t x) {
+ return int32_t(x << (32 - B)) >> (32 - B);
+}
+
+/// \brief Sign extend number in the bottom B bits of X to a 32-bit int.
+/// Requires 0 < B <= 32.
+inline int32_t SignExtend32(uint32_t X, unsigned B) {
+ return int32_t(X << (32 - B)) >> (32 - B);
+}
+
+/// SignExtend64 - Sign extend B-bit number x to 64-bit int.
+/// Usage int64_t r = SignExtend64<5>(x);
+template <unsigned B> inline int64_t SignExtend64(uint64_t x) {
+ return int64_t(x << (64 - B)) >> (64 - B);
+}
+
+/// \brief Sign extend number in the bottom B bits of X to a 64-bit int.
+/// Requires 0 < B <= 64.
+inline int64_t SignExtend64(uint64_t X, unsigned B) {
+ return int64_t(X << (64 - B)) >> (64 - B);
+}
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER)
+ // Visual Studio defines the HUGE_VAL class of macros using purposeful
+ // constant arithmetic overflow, which it then warns on when encountered.
+ const float huge_valf = std::numeric_limits<float>::infinity();
+#else
+ const float huge_valf = HUGE_VALF;
+#endif