//===--- examples/Fibonacci/fibonacci.cpp - An example use of the JIT -----===//
-//
+//
// The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
//
-// This file was developed by Valery A. Khamenya and is distributed under the
-// University of Illinois Open Source License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
-//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
//
-// This small program provides an example of how to build quickly a small
-// module with function Fibonacci and execute it with the JIT.
+// This small program provides an example of how to build quickly a small module
+// with function Fibonacci and execute it with the JIT.
//
-// This simple example shows as well 30% speed up with LLVM 1.3
-// in comparison to gcc 3.3.3 at AMD Athlon XP 1500+ .
+// The goal of this snippet is to create in the memory the LLVM module
+// consisting of one function as follow:
//
-// (Modified from HowToUseJIT.cpp and Stacker/lib/compiler/StackerCompiler.cpp)
-//
-//===------------------------------------------------------------------------===
-// Goal:
-// The goal of this snippet is to create in the memory
-// the LLVM module consisting of one function as follow:
+// int fib(int x) {
+// if(x<=2) return 1;
+// return fib(x-1)+fib(x-2);
+// }
//
-// int fib(int x) {
-// if(x<=2) return 1;
-// return fib(x-1)+fib(x-2);
-// }
-//
-// then compile the module via JIT, then execute the `fib'
+// Once we have this, we compile the module via JIT, then execute the `fib'
// function and return result to a driver, i.e. to a "host program".
//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
-#include <iostream>
-
-#include <llvm/Module.h>
-#include <llvm/DerivedTypes.h>
-#include <llvm/Constants.h>
-#include <llvm/Instructions.h>
-#include <llvm/ModuleProvider.h>
-#include <llvm/Analysis/Verifier.h>
-#include "llvm/ExecutionEngine/ExecutionEngine.h"
+#include "llvm/IR/Verifier.h"
#include "llvm/ExecutionEngine/GenericValue.h"
-
+#include "llvm/ExecutionEngine/Interpreter.h"
+#include "llvm/IR/Constants.h"
+#include "llvm/IR/DerivedTypes.h"
+#include "llvm/IR/Instructions.h"
+#include "llvm/IR/LLVMContext.h"
+#include "llvm/IR/Module.h"
+#include "llvm/Support/TargetSelect.h"
+#include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
using namespace llvm;
-int main(int argc, char**argv) {
+static Function *CreateFibFunction(Module *M, LLVMContext &Context) {
+ // Create the fib function and insert it into module M. This function is said
+ // to return an int and take an int parameter.
+ Function *FibF =
+ cast<Function>(M->getOrInsertFunction("fib", Type::getInt32Ty(Context),
+ Type::getInt32Ty(Context),
+ nullptr));
- int n = argc > 1 ? atol(argv[1]) : 44;
+ // Add a basic block to the function.
+ BasicBlock *BB = BasicBlock::Create(Context, "EntryBlock", FibF);
- // Create some module to put our function into it.
- Module *M = new Module("test");
+ // Get pointers to the constants.
+ Value *One = ConstantInt::get(Type::getInt32Ty(Context), 1);
+ Value *Two = ConstantInt::get(Type::getInt32Ty(Context), 2);
+ // Get pointer to the integer argument of the add1 function...
+ Argument *ArgX = &*FibF->arg_begin(); // Get the arg.
+ ArgX->setName("AnArg"); // Give it a nice symbolic name for fun.
- // We are about to create the "fib" function:
- Function *FibF;
-
- {
- // first create type for the single argument of fib function:
- // the type is 'int ()'
- std::vector<const Type*> ArgT(1);
- ArgT[0] = Type::IntTy;
-
- // now create full type of the "fib" function:
- FunctionType *FibT = FunctionType::get(Type::IntTy, // type of result
- ArgT,
- /*not vararg*/false);
-
- // Now create the fib function entry and
- // insert this entry into module M
- // (By passing a module as the last parameter to the Function constructor,
- // it automatically gets appended to the Module.)
- FibF = new Function(FibT,
- Function::ExternalLinkage, // maybe too much
- "fib", M);
-
- // Add a basic block to the function... (again, it automatically inserts
- // because of the last argument.)
- BasicBlock *BB = new BasicBlock("EntryBlock of fib function", FibF);
-
- // Get pointers to the constants ...
- Value *One = ConstantSInt::get(Type::IntTy, 1);
- Value *Two = ConstantSInt::get(Type::IntTy, 2);
-
- // Get pointers to the integer argument of the add1 function...
- assert(FibF->abegin() != FibF->aend()); // Make sure there's an arg
-
- Argument &ArgX = FibF->afront(); // Get the arg
- ArgX.setName("AnArg"); // Give it a nice symbolic name for fun.
-
- SetCondInst* CondInst
- = new SetCondInst( Instruction::SetLE,
- &ArgX, Two );
-
- BB->getInstList().push_back(CondInst);
-
- // Create the true_block
- BasicBlock* true_bb = new BasicBlock("arg<=2");
-
-
- // Create the return instruction and add it
- // to the basic block for true case:
- true_bb->getInstList().push_back(new ReturnInst(One));
-
- // Create an exit block
- BasicBlock* exit_bb = new BasicBlock("arg>2");
-
- {
-
- // create fib(x-1)
- CallInst* CallFibX1;
- {
- // Create the sub instruction... does not insert...
- Instruction *Sub
- = BinaryOperator::create(Instruction::Sub, &ArgX, One,
- "arg");
-
- exit_bb->getInstList().push_back(Sub);
-
- CallFibX1 = new CallInst(FibF, Sub, "fib(x-1)");
- exit_bb->getInstList().push_back(CallFibX1);
-
- }
-
- // create fib(x-2)
- CallInst* CallFibX2;
- {
- // Create the sub instruction... does not insert...
- Instruction * Sub
- = BinaryOperator::create(Instruction::Sub, &ArgX, Two,
- "arg");
-
- exit_bb->getInstList().push_back(Sub);
- CallFibX2 = new CallInst(FibF, Sub, "fib(x-2)");
- exit_bb->getInstList().push_back(CallFibX2);
-
- }
-
- // Create the add instruction... does not insert...
- Instruction *Add =
- BinaryOperator::create(Instruction::Add,
- CallFibX1, CallFibX2, "addresult");
-
- // explicitly insert it into the basic block...
- exit_bb->getInstList().push_back(Add);
-
- // Create the return instruction and add it to the basic block
- exit_bb->getInstList().push_back(new ReturnInst(Add));
- }
-
- // Create a branch on the SetCond
- BranchInst* br_inst =
- new BranchInst( true_bb, exit_bb, CondInst );
-
- BB->getInstList().push_back( br_inst );
- FibF->getBasicBlockList().push_back(true_bb);
- FibF->getBasicBlockList().push_back(exit_bb);
- }
+ // Create the true_block.
+ BasicBlock *RetBB = BasicBlock::Create(Context, "return", FibF);
+ // Create an exit block.
+ BasicBlock* RecurseBB = BasicBlock::Create(Context, "recurse", FibF);
- // Now we going to create JIT
- ExistingModuleProvider* MP = new ExistingModuleProvider(M);
- ExecutionEngine* EE = ExecutionEngine::create( MP, false );
+ // Create the "if (arg <= 2) goto exitbb"
+ Value *CondInst = new ICmpInst(*BB, ICmpInst::ICMP_SLE, ArgX, Two, "cond");
+ BranchInst::Create(RetBB, RecurseBB, CondInst, BB);
- // Call the `foo' function with argument n:
- std::vector<GenericValue> args(1);
- args[0].IntVal = n;
+ // Create: ret int 1
+ ReturnInst::Create(Context, One, RetBB);
+ // create fib(x-1)
+ Value *Sub = BinaryOperator::CreateSub(ArgX, One, "arg", RecurseBB);
+ CallInst *CallFibX1 = CallInst::Create(FibF, Sub, "fibx1", RecurseBB);
+ CallFibX1->setTailCall();
- std::clog << "verifying... ";
- if (verifyModule(*M)) {
- std::cerr << argv[0]
- << ": assembly parsed, but does not verify as correct!\n";
+ // create fib(x-2)
+ Sub = BinaryOperator::CreateSub(ArgX, Two, "arg", RecurseBB);
+ CallInst *CallFibX2 = CallInst::Create(FibF, Sub, "fibx2", RecurseBB);
+ CallFibX2->setTailCall();
+
+
+ // fib(x-1)+fib(x-2)
+ Value *Sum = BinaryOperator::CreateAdd(CallFibX1, CallFibX2,
+ "addresult", RecurseBB);
+
+ // Create the return instruction and add it to the basic block
+ ReturnInst::Create(Context, Sum, RecurseBB);
+
+ return FibF;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv) {
+ int n = argc > 1 ? atol(argv[1]) : 24;
+
+ InitializeNativeTarget();
+ LLVMContext Context;
+
+ // Create some module to put our function into it.
+ std::unique_ptr<Module> Owner(new Module("test", Context));
+ Module *M = Owner.get();
+
+ // We are about to create the "fib" function:
+ Function *FibF = CreateFibFunction(M, Context);
+
+ // Now we going to create JIT
+ std::string errStr;
+ ExecutionEngine *EE =
+ EngineBuilder(std::move(Owner))
+ .setErrorStr(&errStr)
+ .create();
+
+ if (!EE) {
+ errs() << argv[0] << ": Failed to construct ExecutionEngine: " << errStr
+ << "\n";
return 1;
}
- else
- std::clog << "OK\n";
+ errs() << "verifying... ";
+ if (verifyModule(*M)) {
+ errs() << argv[0] << ": Error constructing function!\n";
+ return 1;
+ }
- std::clog << "We just constructed this LLVM module:\n\n---------\n" << *M;
- std::clog << "---------\nstarting fibonacci("
- << n << ") with JIT...\n" << std::flush;
+ errs() << "OK\n";
+ errs() << "We just constructed this LLVM module:\n\n---------\n" << *M;
+ errs() << "---------\nstarting fibonacci(" << n << ") with JIT...\n";
- GenericValue gv = EE->runFunction(FibF, args);
+ // Call the Fibonacci function with argument n:
+ std::vector<GenericValue> Args(1);
+ Args[0].IntVal = APInt(32, n);
+ GenericValue GV = EE->runFunction(FibF, Args);
- // import result of execution:
- std::cout << "Result: " << gv.IntVal << std:: endl;
+ // import result of execution
+ outs() << "Result: " << GV.IntVal << "\n";
return 0;
}
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