<ol>
<li><a href="#introduction">Introduction</a></li>
<li><a href="#build">How to build it</a></li>
- <li><a href="#usage">Usage</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#usage">Usage</a>
+ <ul>
+ <li><a href="#example1">Example of link time optimization</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#lto_autotools">Quickstart for using LTO with autotooled projects</a></li>
+ </ul></li>
<li><a href="#licensing">Licensing</a></li>
</ol>
<div class="doc_author">Written by Nick Lewycky</div>
linker, which is why you need gold to be the installed system linker in your
path.</p>
</div>
+
+<!-- ======================================================================= -->
+<div class="doc_subsection">
+ <a name="example1">Example of link time optimization</a>
+</div>
+
+<div class="doc_text">
+ <p>The following example shows a worked example of the gold plugin mixing
+ LLVM bitcode and native code.
+<pre class="doc_code">
+--- a.c ---
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+extern void foo1(void);
+extern void foo4(void);
+
+void foo2(void) {
+ printf("Foo2\n");
+}
+
+void foo3(void) {
+ foo4();
+}
+
+int main(void) {
+ foo1();
+}
+
+--- b.c ---
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+extern void foo2(void);
+
+void foo1(void) {
+ foo2();
+}
+
+void foo4(void) {
+ printf("Foo4");
+}
+
+--- command lines ---
+$ llvm-gcc -flto a.c -c -o a.o # <-- a.o is LLVM bitcode file
+$ llvm-gcc b.c -c -o b.o # <-- b.o is native object file
+$ llvm-gcc -use-gold-plugin a.o b.o -o main # <-- link with LLVMgold plugin
+</pre>
+ <p>Gold informs the plugin that foo3 is never referenced outside the IR,
+ leading LLVM to delete that function. However, unlike in the
+ <a href="http://llvm.org/docs/LinkTimeOptimization.html#example1">libLTO
+ example</a> gold does not currently eliminate foo4.</p>
+</div>
+
+<!--=========================================================================-->
+<div class="doc_section"><a name="lto_autotools">Quickstart for using LTO with autotooled projects</a></div>
+<!--=========================================================================-->
+<div class="doc_text">
+ <p><tt>gold</tt>, <tt>ar</tt> and <tt>nm</tt> all support plugins now, so everything should be
+ in place for an easy to use LTO build of autotooled projects:</p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>Follow the instructions <a href="#build">on how to build libLLVMgold.so</a>.</li>
+ <li>Install the newly built binutils to <tt>$PREFIX</tt></li>
+ <li>Copy <tt>Release/lib/libLLVMgold.so</tt> to
+ <tt>$PREFIX/libexec/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.2.1/</tt> and
+ <tt>$PREFIX/lib/bfd-plugins/</tt></li>
+ <li>Set environment variables (<tt>$PREFIX</tt> is where you installed llvm-gcc and
+ binutils):
+ <pre class="doc_code">
+export CC="$PREFIX/bin/llvm-gcc -use-gold-plugin"
+export CXX="$PREFIX/bin/llvm-g++ -use-gold-plugin"
+export AR="$PREFIX/bin/ar"
+export NM="$PREFIX/bin/nm"
+export RANLIB=/bin/true #ranlib is not needed, and doesn't support .bc files in .a
+export CFLAGS="-O4"
+</pre>
+ </li>
+ <li>Or you can just set your path:
+ <pre class="doc_code">
+export PATH="$PREFIX/bin:$PATH"
+export CC="llvm-gcc -use-gold-plugin"
+export CXX="llvm-g++ -use-gold-plugin"
+export RANLIB=/bin/true
+export CFLAGS="-O4"
+</pre>
+ </li>
+ <li>Configure & build the project as usual: <tt>./configure && make && make check</tt> </li>
+ </ul>
+ <p> The environment variable settings may work for non-autotooled projects
+ too, but you may need to set the <tt>LD</tt> environment variable as well.</p>
+</div>
+
<!--=========================================================================-->
<div class="doc_section"><a name="licensing">Licensing</a></div>
<!--=========================================================================-->
<div class="doc_text">
-Gold is licensed under the GPLv3. LLVMgold uses the interface file
+ <p>Gold is licensed under the GPLv3. LLVMgold uses the interface file
<tt>plugin-api.h</tt> from gold which means that the resulting LLVMgold.so
binary is also GPLv3. This can still be used to link non-GPLv3 programs just
-as much as gold could without the plugin.
+as much as gold could without the plugin.</p>
</div>
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