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5 <title>Building LLVM with CMake</title>
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10 Building LLVM with CMake
14 <li><a href="#intro">Introduction</a></li>
15 <li><a href="#quickstart">Quick start</a></li>
16 <li><a href="#usage">Basic CMake usage</a>
17 <li><a href="#options">Options and variables</a>
19 <li><a href="#freccmake">Frequently-used CMake variables</a></li>
20 <li><a href="#llvmvars">LLVM-specific variables</a></li>
22 <li><a href="#testing">Executing the test suite</a>
23 <li><a href="#cross">Cross compiling</a>
24 <li><a href="#embedding">Embedding LLVM in your project</a>
26 <li><a href="#passdev">Developing LLVM pass out of source</a></li>
28 <li><a href="#specifics">Compiler/Platform specific topics</a>
30 <li><a href="#msvc">Microsoft Visual C++</a></li>
34 <div class="doc_author">
35 <p>Written by <a href="mailto:ofv@wanadoo.es">Oscar Fuentes</a></p>
38 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
40 <a name="intro">Introduction</a>
42 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
46 <p><a href="http://www.cmake.org/">CMake</a> is a cross-platform
47 build-generator tool. CMake does not build the project, it generates
48 the files needed by your build tool (GNU make, Visual Studio, etc) for
51 <p>If you are really anxious about getting a functional LLVM build,
52 go to the <a href="#quickstart">Quick start</a> section. If you
53 are a CMake novice, start on <a href="#usage">Basic CMake
54 usage</a> and then go back to the <a href="#quickstart">Quick
55 start</a> once you know what you are
56 doing. The <a href="#options">Options and variables</a> section
57 is a reference for customizing your build. If you already have
58 experience with CMake, this is the recommended starting point.
61 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
63 <a name="quickstart">Quick start</a>
65 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
69 <p> We use here the command-line, non-interactive CMake interface </p>
73 <li><p><a href="http://www.cmake.org/cmake/resources/software.html">Download</a>
74 and install CMake. Version 2.8 is the minimum required.</p>
76 <li><p>Open a shell. Your development tools must be reachable from this
77 shell through the PATH environment variable.</p>
79 <li><p>Create a directory for containing the build. It is not
80 supported to build LLVM on the source directory. cd to this
82 <div class="doc_code">
83 <p><tt>mkdir mybuilddir</tt></p>
84 <p><tt>cd mybuilddir</tt></p>
87 <li><p>Execute this command on the shell
88 replacing <i>path/to/llvm/source/root</i> with the path to the
89 root of your LLVM source tree:</p>
90 <div class="doc_code">
91 <p><tt>cmake path/to/llvm/source/root</tt></p>
94 <p>CMake will detect your development environment, perform a
95 series of test and generate the files required for building
96 LLVM. CMake will use default values for all build
97 parameters. See the <a href="#options">Options and variables</a>
98 section for fine-tuning your build</p>
100 <p>This can fail if CMake can't detect your toolset, or if it
101 thinks that the environment is not sane enough. On this case
102 make sure that the toolset that you intend to use is the only
103 one reachable from the shell and that the shell itself is the
104 correct one for you development environment. CMake will refuse
105 to build MinGW makefiles if you have a POSIX shell reachable
106 through the PATH environment variable, for instance. You can
107 force CMake to use a given build tool, see
108 the <a href="#usage">Usage</a> section.</p>
114 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
116 <a name="usage">Basic CMake usage</a>
118 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
122 <p>This section explains basic aspects of CMake, mostly for
123 explaining those options which you may need on your day-to-day
126 <p>CMake comes with extensive documentation in the form of html
127 files and on the cmake executable itself. Execute <i>cmake
128 --help</i> for further help options.</p>
130 <p>CMake requires to know for which build tool it shall generate
131 files (GNU make, Visual Studio, Xcode, etc). If not specified on
132 the command line, it tries to guess it based on you
133 environment. Once identified the build tool, CMake uses the
134 corresponding <i>Generator</i> for creating files for your build
135 tool. You can explicitly specify the generator with the command
136 line option <i>-G "Name of the generator"</i>. For knowing the
137 available generators on your platform, execute</p>
139 <div class="doc_code">
140 <p><tt>cmake --help</tt></p>
143 <p>This will list the generator's names at the end of the help
144 text. Generator's names are case-sensitive. Example:</p>
146 <div class="doc_code">
147 <p><tt>cmake -G "Visual Studio 8 2005" path/to/llvm/source/root</tt></p>
150 <p>For a given development platform there can be more than one
151 adequate generator. If you use Visual Studio "NMake Makefiles"
152 is a generator you can use for building with NMake. By default,
153 CMake chooses the more specific generator supported by your
154 development environment. If you want an alternative generator,
155 you must tell this to CMake with the <i>-G</i> option.</p>
157 <p>TODO: explain variables and cache. Move explanation here from
158 #options section.</p>
162 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
164 <a name="options">Options and variables</a>
166 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
170 <p>Variables customize how the build will be generated. Options are
171 boolean variables, with possible values ON/OFF. Options and
172 variables are defined on the CMake command line like this:</p>
174 <div class="doc_code">
175 <p><tt>cmake -DVARIABLE=value path/to/llvm/source</tt></p>
178 <p>You can set a variable after the initial CMake invocation for
179 changing its value. You can also undefine a variable:</p>
181 <div class="doc_code">
182 <p><tt>cmake -UVARIABLE path/to/llvm/source</tt></p>
185 <p>Variables are stored on the CMake cache. This is a file
186 named <tt>CMakeCache.txt</tt> on the root of the build
187 directory. Do not hand-edit it.</p>
189 <p>Variables are listed here appending its type after a colon. It is
190 correct to write the variable and the type on the CMake command
193 <div class="doc_code">
194 <p><tt>cmake -DVARIABLE:TYPE=value path/to/llvm/source</tt></p>
197 <!-- ======================================================================= -->
199 <a name="freccmake">Frequently-used CMake variables</a>
204 <p>Here are listed some of the CMake variables that are used often,
205 along with a brief explanation and LLVM-specific notes. For full
206 documentation, check the CMake docs or execute <i>cmake
207 --help-variable VARIABLE_NAME</i>.</p>
210 <dt><b>CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE</b>:STRING</dt>
212 <dd>Sets the build type for <i>make</i> based generators. Possible
213 values are Release, Debug, RelWithDebInfo and MinSizeRel. On
214 systems like Visual Studio the user sets the build type with the IDE
217 <dt><b>CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX</b>:PATH</dt>
218 <dd>Path where LLVM will be installed if "make install" is invoked
219 or the "INSTALL" target is built.</dd>
221 <dt><b>LLVM_LIBDIR_SUFFIX</b>:STRING</dt>
222 <dd>Extra suffix to append to the directory where libraries are to
223 be installed. On a 64-bit architecture, one could use
224 -DLLVM_LIBDIR_SUFFIX=64 to install libraries to /usr/lib64.</dd>
226 <dt><b>CMAKE_C_FLAGS</b>:STRING</dt>
227 <dd>Extra flags to use when compiling C source files.</dd>
229 <dt><b>CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS</b>:STRING</dt>
230 <dd>Extra flags to use when compiling C++ source files.</dd>
232 <dt><b>BUILD_SHARED_LIBS</b>:BOOL</dt>
233 <dd>Flag indicating is shared libraries will be built. Its default
234 value is OFF. Shared libraries are not supported on Windows and
235 not recommended in the other OSes.</dd>
240 <!-- ======================================================================= -->
242 <a name="llvmvars">LLVM-specific variables</a>
248 <dt><b>LLVM_TARGETS_TO_BUILD</b>:STRING</dt>
249 <dd>Semicolon-separated list of targets to build, or <i>all</i> for
250 building all targets. Case-sensitive. For Visual C++ defaults
251 to <i>X86</i>. On the other cases defaults to <i>all</i>. Example:
252 <i>-DLLVM_TARGETS_TO_BUILD="X86;PowerPC;Alpha"</i>.</dd>
254 <dt><b>LLVM_BUILD_TOOLS</b>:BOOL</dt>
255 <dd>Build LLVM tools. Defaults to ON. Targets for building each tool
256 are generated in any case. You can build an tool separately by
257 invoking its target. For example, you can build <i>llvm-as</i>
258 with a makefile-based system executing <i>make llvm-as</i> on the
259 root of your build directory.</dd>
261 <dt><b>LLVM_INCLUDE_TOOLS</b>:BOOL</dt>
262 <dd>Generate build targets for the LLVM tools. Defaults to
263 ON. You can use that option for disabling the generation of build
264 targets for the LLVM tools.</dd>
266 <dt><b>LLVM_BUILD_EXAMPLES</b>:BOOL</dt>
267 <dd>Build LLVM examples. Defaults to OFF. Targets for building each
268 example are generated in any case. See documentation
269 for <i>LLVM_BUILD_TOOLS</i> above for more details.</dd>
271 <dt><b>LLVM_INCLUDE_EXAMPLES</b>:BOOL</dt>
272 <dd>Generate build targets for the LLVM examples. Defaults to
273 ON. You can use that option for disabling the generation of build
274 targets for the LLVM examples.</dd>
276 <dt><b>LLVM_BUILD_TESTS</b>:BOOL</dt>
277 <dd>Build LLVM unit tests. Defaults to OFF. Targets for building
278 each unit test are generated in any case. You can build a specific
279 unit test with the target <i>UnitTestNameTests</i> (where at this
280 time <i>UnitTestName</i> can be ADT, Analysis, ExecutionEngine,
281 JIT, Support, Transform, VMCore; see the subdirectories
282 of <i>unittests</i> for an updated list.) It is possible to build
283 all unit tests with the target <i>UnitTests</i>.</dd>
285 <dt><b>LLVM_INCLUDE_TESTS</b>:BOOL</dt>
286 <dd>Generate build targets for the LLVM unit tests. Defaults to
287 ON. You can use that option for disabling the generation of build
288 targets for the LLVM unit tests.</dd>
290 <dt><b>LLVM_APPEND_VC_REV</b>:BOOL</dt>
291 <dd>Append version control revision info (svn revision number or git
292 revision id) to LLVM version string (stored in the PACKAGE_VERSION
293 macro). For this to work cmake must be invoked before the
294 build. Defaults to OFF.</dd>
296 <dt><b>LLVM_ENABLE_THREADS</b>:BOOL</dt>
297 <dd>Build with threads support, if available. Defaults to ON.</dd>
299 <dt><b>LLVM_ENABLE_ASSERTIONS</b>:BOOL</dt>
300 <dd>Enables code assertions. Defaults to OFF if and only if
301 CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE is <i>Release</i>.</dd>
303 <dt><b>LLVM_ENABLE_PIC</b>:BOOL</dt>
304 <dd>Add the <i>-fPIC</i> flag for the compiler command-line, if the
305 compiler supports this flag. Some systems, like Windows, do not
306 need this flag. Defaults to ON.</dd>
308 <dt><b>LLVM_ENABLE_WARNINGS</b>:BOOL</dt>
309 <dd>Enable all compiler warnings. Defaults to ON.</dd>
311 <dt><b>LLVM_ENABLE_PEDANTIC</b>:BOOL</dt>
312 <dd>Enable pedantic mode. This disable compiler specific extensions, is
313 possible. Defaults to ON.</dd>
315 <dt><b>LLVM_ENABLE_WERROR</b>:BOOL</dt>
316 <dd>Stop and fail build, if a compiler warning is
317 triggered. Defaults to OFF.</dd>
319 <dt><b>LLVM_BUILD_32_BITS</b>:BOOL</dt>
320 <dd>Build 32-bits executables and libraries on 64-bits systems. This
321 option is available only on some 64-bits unix systems. Defaults to
324 <dt><b>LLVM_TARGET_ARCH</b>:STRING</dt>
325 <dd>LLVM target to use for native code generation. This is required
326 for JIT generation. It defaults to "host", meaning that it shall
327 pick the architecture of the machine where LLVM is being built. If
328 you are cross-compiling, set it to the target architecture
331 <dt><b>LLVM_TABLEGEN</b>:STRING</dt>
332 <dd>Full path to a native TableGen executable (usually
333 named <i>tblgen</i>). This is intented for cross-compiling: if the
334 user sets this variable, no native TableGen will be created.</dd>
336 <dt><b>LLVM_LIT_ARGS</b>:STRING</dt>
337 <dd>Arguments given to lit.
338 <tt>make check</tt> and <tt>make clang-test</tt> are affected.
339 By default, <tt>"-sv --no-progress-bar"</tt>
340 on Visual C++ and Xcode,
341 <tt>"-sv"</tt> on others.</dd>
343 <dt><b>LLVM_LIT_TOOLS_DIR</b>:STRING</dt>
344 <dd>The path to GnuWin32 tools for tests. Valid on Windows host.
345 Defaults to "", then Lit seeks tools according to %PATH%.
346 Lit can find tools(eg. grep, sort, &c) on LLVM_LIT_TOOLS_DIR at first,
347 without specifying GnuWin32 to %PATH%.</dd>
349 <dt><b>LLVM_ENABLE_FFI</b>:BOOL</dt>
350 <dd>Indicates whether LLVM Interpreter will be linked with Foreign
351 Function Interface library. If the library or its headers are
352 installed on a custom location, you can set the variables
353 FFI_INCLUDE_DIR and FFI_LIBRARY_DIR. Defaults to OFF.</dd>
360 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
362 <a name="testing">Executing the test suite</a>
364 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
368 <p>Testing is performed when the <i>check</i> target is built. For
369 instance, if you are using makefiles, execute this command while on
370 the top level of your build directory:</p>
372 <div class="doc_code">
373 <p><tt>make check</tt></p>
376 <p>On Visual Studio, you may run tests to build the project "check".</p>
380 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
382 <a name="cross">Cross compiling</a>
384 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
388 <p>See <a href="http://www.vtk.org/Wiki/CMake_Cross_Compiling">this
389 wiki page</a> for generic instructions on how to cross-compile
390 with CMake. It goes into detailed explanations and may seem
391 daunting, but it is not. On the wiki page there are several
392 examples including toolchain files. Go directly to
393 <a href="http://www.vtk.org/Wiki/CMake_Cross_Compiling#Information_how_to_set_up_various_cross_compiling_toolchains">this
394 section</a> for a quick solution.</p>
396 <p>Also see the <a href="#llvmvars">LLVM-specific variables</a>
397 section for variables used when cross-compiling.</p>
401 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
403 <a name="embedding">Embedding LLVM in your project</a>
405 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
409 <p>The most difficult part of adding LLVM to the build of a project
410 is to determine the set of LLVM libraries corresponding to the set
411 of required LLVM features. What follows is an example of how to
412 obtain this information:</p>
414 <div class="doc_code">
416 <b># A convenience variable:</b>
417 set(LLVM_ROOT "" CACHE PATH "Root of LLVM install.")
418 <b># A bit of a sanity check:</b>
419 if( NOT EXISTS ${LLVM_ROOT}/include/llvm )
420 message(FATAL_ERROR "LLVM_ROOT (${LLVM_ROOT}) is not a valid LLVM install")
422 <b># We incorporate the CMake features provided by LLVM:</b>
423 set(CMAKE_MODULE_PATH ${CMAKE_MODULE_PATH} "${LLVM_ROOT}/share/llvm/cmake")
425 <b># Now set the header and library paths:</b>
426 include_directories( ${LLVM_ROOT}/include )
427 link_directories( ${LLVM_ROOT}/lib )
428 <b># Let's suppose we want to build a JIT compiler with support for
429 # binary code (no interpreter):</b>
430 llvm_map_components_to_libraries(REQ_LLVM_LIBRARIES jit native)
431 <b># Finally, we link the LLVM libraries to our executable:</b>
432 target_link_libraries(mycompiler ${REQ_LLVM_LIBRARIES})
436 <p>This assumes that LLVM_ROOT points to an install of LLVM. The
437 procedure works too for uninstalled builds although we need to take
438 care to add an <i>include_directories</i> for the location of the
439 headers on the LLVM source directory (if we are building
442 <p>Alternativaly, you can utilize CMake's <i>find_package</i>
443 functionality. Here is an equivalent variant of snippet shown above:</p>
445 <div class="doc_code">
450 message(FATAL_ERROR "LLVM package can't be found. Set CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH variable to LLVM's installation prefix.")
453 include_directories( ${LLVM_INCLUDE_DIRS} )
454 link_directories( ${LLVM_LIBRARY_DIRS} )
456 llvm_map_components_to_libraries(REQ_LLVM_LIBRARIES jit native)
458 target_link_libraries(mycompiler ${REQ_LLVM_LIBRARIES})
462 <!-- ======================================================================= -->
464 <a name="passdev">Developing LLVM pass out of source</a>
469 <p>It is possible to develop LLVM passes against installed LLVM.
470 An example of project layout provided below:</p>
472 <div class="doc_code">
485 <p>Contents of <project dir>/CMakeLists.txt:</p>
487 <div class="doc_code">
491 <b># Define add_llvm_* macro's.</b>
494 add_definitions(${LLVM_DEFINITIONS})
495 include_directories(${LLVM_INCLUDE_DIRS})
496 link_directories(${LLVM_LIBRARY_DIRS})
498 add_subdirectory(<pass name>)
502 <p>Contents of <project dir>/<pass name>/CMakeLists.txt:</p>
504 <div class="doc_code">
506 add_llvm_loadable_module(LLVMPassname
512 <p>When you are done developing your pass, you may wish to integrate it
513 into LLVM source tree. You can achieve it in two easy steps:<br>
514 1. Copying <pass name> folder into <LLVM root>/lib/Transform directory.<br>
515 2. Adding "add_subdirectory(<pass name>)" line into <LLVM root>/lib/Transform/CMakeLists.txt</p>
517 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
521 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
523 <a name="specifics">Compiler/Platform specific topics</a>
525 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
529 <p>Notes for specific compilers and/or platforms.</p>
532 <a name="msvc">Microsoft Visual C++</a>
538 <dt><b>LLVM_COMPILER_JOBS</b>:STRING</dt>
539 <dd>Specifies the maximum number of parallell compiler jobs to use
540 per project when building with msbuild or Visual Studio. Only supported for
541 Visual Studio 2008 and Visual Studio 2010 CMake generators. 0 means use all
542 processors. Default is 0.</dd>
549 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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558 <a href="mailto:ofv@wanadoo.es">Oscar Fuentes</a><br>
559 <a href="http://llvm.org/">LLVM Compiler Infrastructure</a><br>
560 Last modified: $Date: 2010-08-09 03:59:36 +0100 (Mon, 9 Aug 2010) $