[opaque pointer type] encode the pointee type of global variables

[opaque pointer type] encode the pointee type of global variables

Use a few extra bits in the const field (after widening it from a fixed
single bit) to stash the address space which is no longer provided by
the type (and an extra bit in there to specify that we're using that new
encoding).

git-svn-id: https://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/llvm/trunk@235911 91177308-0d34-0410-b5e6-96231b3b80d8