Define a maximum supported alignment value for load, store, and

Define a maximum supported alignment value for load, store, and
alloca instructions (constrained by their internal encoding),
and add error checking for it. Fix an instcombine bug which
generated huge alignment values (null is infinitely aligned).
This fixes undefined behavior noticed by John Regehr.

git-svn-id: https://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/llvm/trunk@109643 91177308-0d34-0410-b5e6-96231b3b80d8