Add a C++11 ThreadPool implementation in LLVM

Add a C++11 ThreadPool implementation in LLVM

This is a very simple implementation of a thread pool using C++11
thread. It accepts any std::function<void()> for asynchronous
execution. Individual task can be synchronize using the returned
future, or the client can block on the full queue completion.

In case LLVM is configured with Threading disabled, it falls back
to sequential execution using std::async with launch:deferred.

This is intended to support parallelism for ThinLTO processing in
linker plugin, but is generic enough for any other uses.

This is a recommit of r255444 ; trying to workaround a bug in the
MSVC 2013 standard library. I think I was hit by:

 http://connect.microsoft.com/VisualStudio/feedbackdetail/view/791185/std-packaged-task-t-where-t-is-void-or-a-reference-class-are-not-movable

Differential Revision: http://reviews.llvm.org/D15464

From: Mehdi Amini <mehdi.amini@apple.com>

git-svn-id: https://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/llvm/trunk@255589 91177308-0d34-0410-b5e6-96231b3b80d8