model: rename check_deadlock() to is_circular_wait()
[model-checker.git] / model.cc
index 998059e2451e7e652d2493af3fc6785aad9ba542..c713d1e1761b308cc5433dfa05345a8c23d5024a 100644 (file)
--- a/model.cc
+++ b/model.cc
@@ -263,10 +263,6 @@ Thread * ModelChecker::get_next_thread(ModelAction *curr)
                        /* The next node will read from a different value. */
                        tid = next->get_tid();
                        node_stack->pop_restofstack(2);
-               } else if (nextnode->increment_future_value()) {
-                       /* The next node will try to read from a different future value. */
-                       tid = next->get_tid();
-                       node_stack->pop_restofstack(2);
                } else if (nextnode->increment_relseq_break()) {
                        /* The next node will try to resolve a release sequence differently */
                        tid = next->get_tid();
@@ -282,6 +278,8 @@ Thread * ModelChecker::get_next_thread(ModelAction *curr)
                                earliest_diverge = prevnode->get_action();
                        }
                }
+               /* Start the round robin scheduler from this thread id */
+               scheduler->set_scheduler_thread(tid);
                /* The correct sleep set is in the parent node. */
                execute_sleep_set();
 
@@ -402,6 +400,22 @@ bool ModelChecker::is_deadlocked() const
        return blocking_threads;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Check if a Thread has entered a circular wait deadlock situation. This will
+ * not check other threads for potential deadlock situations, and may miss
+ * deadlocks involving WAIT.
+ *
+ * @param t The thread which may have entered a deadlock
+ * @return True if this Thread entered a deadlock; false otherwise
+ */
+bool ModelChecker::is_circular_wait(const Thread *t) const
+{
+       for (Thread *waiting = t->waiting_on() ; waiting != NULL; waiting = waiting->waiting_on())
+               if (waiting == t)
+                       return true;
+       return false;
+}
+
 /**
  * Check if this is a complete execution. That is, have all thread completed
  * execution (rather than exiting because sleep sets have forced a redundant
@@ -485,8 +499,16 @@ void ModelChecker::record_stats()
                stats.num_buggy_executions++;
        else if (is_complete_execution())
                stats.num_complete++;
-       else
+       else {
                stats.num_redundant++;
+
+               /**
+                * @todo We can violate this ASSERT() when fairness/sleep sets
+                * conflict to cause an execution to terminate, e.g. with:
+                * Scheduler: [0: disabled][1: disabled][2: sleep][3: current, enabled]
+                */
+               //ASSERT(scheduler->all_threads_sleeping());
+       }
 }
 
 /** @brief Print execution stats */
@@ -840,51 +862,65 @@ ModelAction * ModelChecker::get_next_backtrack()
 }
 
 /**
- * Processes a read or rmw model action.
+ * Processes a read model action.
  * @param curr is the read model action to process.
- * @param second_part_of_rmw is boolean that is true is this is the second action of a rmw.
  * @return True if processing this read updates the mo_graph.
  */
-bool ModelChecker::process_read(ModelAction *curr, bool second_part_of_rmw)
+bool ModelChecker::process_read(ModelAction *curr)
 {
-       uint64_t value = VALUE_NONE;
-       bool updated = false;
+       Node *node = curr->get_node();
        while (true) {
-               const ModelAction *reads_from = curr->get_node()->get_read_from();
-               if (reads_from != NULL) {
-                       mo_graph->startChanges();
+               bool updated = false;
+               switch (node->get_read_from_status()) {
+               case READ_FROM_PAST: {
+                       const ModelAction *rf = node->get_read_from_past();
+                       ASSERT(rf);
 
-                       value = reads_from->get_value();
-                       bool r_status = false;
-
-                       if (!second_part_of_rmw) {
-                               check_recency(curr, reads_from);
-                               r_status = r_modification_order(curr, reads_from);
-                       }
+                       mo_graph->startChanges();
 
-                       if (!second_part_of_rmw && is_infeasible() && (curr->get_node()->increment_read_from() || curr->get_node()->increment_future_value())) {
-                               mo_graph->rollbackChanges();
-                               priv->too_many_reads = false;
-                               continue;
+                       ASSERT(!is_infeasible());
+                       if (!check_recency(curr, rf)) {
+                               if (node->increment_read_from()) {
+                                       mo_graph->rollbackChanges();
+                                       continue;
+                               } else {
+                                       priv->too_many_reads = true;
+                               }
                        }
 
-                       read_from(curr, reads_from);
+                       updated = r_modification_order(curr, rf);
+                       read_from(curr, rf);
                        mo_graph->commitChanges();
                        mo_check_promises(curr, true);
-
-                       updated |= r_status;
-               } else if (!second_part_of_rmw) {
+                       break;
+               }
+               case READ_FROM_PROMISE: {
+                       Promise *promise = curr->get_node()->get_read_from_promise();
+                       if (promise->add_reader(curr))
+                               priv->failed_promise = true;
+                       curr->set_read_from_promise(promise);
+                       mo_graph->startChanges();
+                       if (!check_recency(curr, promise))
+                               priv->too_many_reads = true;
+                       updated = r_modification_order(curr, promise);
+                       mo_graph->commitChanges();
+                       break;
+               }
+               case READ_FROM_FUTURE: {
                        /* Read from future value */
-                       struct future_value fv = curr->get_node()->get_future_value();
+                       struct future_value fv = node->get_future_value();
                        Promise *promise = new Promise(curr, fv);
-                       value = fv.value;
                        curr->set_read_from_promise(promise);
                        promises->push_back(promise);
                        mo_graph->startChanges();
                        updated = r_modification_order(curr, promise);
                        mo_graph->commitChanges();
+                       break;
+               }
+               default:
+                       ASSERT(false);
                }
-               get_thread(curr)->set_return_value(value);
+               get_thread(curr)->set_return_value(curr->get_return_value());
                return updated;
        }
 }
@@ -907,20 +943,15 @@ bool ModelChecker::process_read(ModelAction *curr, bool second_part_of_rmw)
  */
 bool ModelChecker::process_mutex(ModelAction *curr)
 {
-       std::mutex *mutex = NULL;
+       std::mutex *mutex = curr->get_mutex();
        struct std::mutex_state *state = NULL;
 
-       if (curr->is_trylock() || curr->is_lock() || curr->is_unlock()) {
-               mutex = (std::mutex *)curr->get_location();
-               state = mutex->get_state();
-       } else if (curr->is_wait()) {
-               mutex = (std::mutex *)curr->get_value();
+       if (mutex)
                state = mutex->get_state();
-       }
 
        switch (curr->get_type()) {
        case ATOMIC_TRYLOCK: {
-               bool success = !state->islocked;
+               bool success = !state->locked;
                curr->set_try_lock(success);
                if (!success) {
                        get_thread(curr)->set_return_value(0);
@@ -932,7 +963,7 @@ bool ModelChecker::process_mutex(ModelAction *curr)
        case ATOMIC_LOCK: {
                if (curr->get_cv()->getClock(state->alloc_tid) <= state->alloc_clock)
                        assert_bug("Lock access before initialization");
-               state->islocked = true;
+               state->locked = get_thread(curr);
                ModelAction *unlock = get_last_unlock(curr);
                //synchronize with the previous unlock statement
                if (unlock != NULL) {
@@ -943,7 +974,7 @@ bool ModelChecker::process_mutex(ModelAction *curr)
        }
        case ATOMIC_UNLOCK: {
                //unlock the lock
-               state->islocked = false;
+               state->locked = NULL;
                //wake up the other threads
                action_list_t *waiters = get_safe_ptr_action(lock_waiters_map, curr->get_location());
                //activate all the waiting threads
@@ -955,7 +986,7 @@ bool ModelChecker::process_mutex(ModelAction *curr)
        }
        case ATOMIC_WAIT: {
                //unlock the lock
-               state->islocked = false;
+               state->locked = NULL;
                //wake up the other threads
                action_list_t *waiters = get_safe_ptr_action(lock_waiters_map, (void *) curr->get_value());
                //activate all the waiting threads
@@ -1008,7 +1039,7 @@ void ModelChecker::add_future_value(const ModelAction *writer, ModelAction *read
                        write_thread = write_thread->get_parent();
 
                struct future_value fv = {
-                       writer->get_value(),
+                       writer->get_write_value(),
                        writer->get_seq_number() + params.maxfuturedelay,
                        write_thread->get_id(),
                };
@@ -1024,8 +1055,26 @@ void ModelChecker::add_future_value(const ModelAction *writer, ModelAction *read
  */
 bool ModelChecker::process_write(ModelAction *curr)
 {
-       bool updated_mod_order = w_modification_order(curr);
-       bool updated_promises = resolve_promises(curr);
+       /* Readers to which we may send our future value */
+       std::vector< ModelAction *, ModelAlloc<ModelAction *> > send_fv;
+
+       bool updated_mod_order = w_modification_order(curr, &send_fv);
+       int promise_idx = get_promise_to_resolve(curr);
+       const ModelAction *earliest_promise_reader;
+       bool updated_promises = false;
+
+       if (promise_idx >= 0) {
+               earliest_promise_reader = (*promises)[promise_idx]->get_reader(0);
+               updated_promises = resolve_promise(curr, promise_idx);
+       } else
+               earliest_promise_reader = NULL;
+
+       /* Don't send future values to reads after the Promise we resolve */
+       for (unsigned int i = 0; i < send_fv.size(); i++) {
+               ModelAction *read = send_fv[i];
+               if (!earliest_promise_reader || *read < *earliest_promise_reader)
+                       futurevalues->push_back(PendingFutureValue(curr, read));
+       }
 
        if (promises->size() == 0) {
                for (unsigned int i = 0; i < futurevalues->size(); i++) {
@@ -1111,7 +1160,7 @@ bool ModelChecker::process_thread_action(ModelAction *curr)
        case THREAD_CREATE: {
                thrd_t *thrd = (thrd_t *)curr->get_location();
                struct thread_params *params = (struct thread_params *)curr->get_value();
-               Thread *th = new Thread(thrd, params->func, params->arg);
+               Thread *th = new Thread(thrd, params->func, params->arg, get_thread(curr));
                add_thread(th);
                th->set_creation(curr);
                /* Promises can be satisfied by children */
@@ -1310,8 +1359,9 @@ bool ModelChecker::initialize_curr_action(ModelAction **curr)
  */
 bool ModelChecker::read_from(ModelAction *act, const ModelAction *rf)
 {
+       ASSERT(rf);
        act->set_read_from(rf);
-       if (rf != NULL && act->is_acquire()) {
+       if (act->is_acquire()) {
                rel_heads_list_t release_heads;
                get_release_seq_heads(act, act, &release_heads);
                int num_heads = release_heads.size();
@@ -1325,6 +1375,35 @@ bool ModelChecker::read_from(ModelAction *act, const ModelAction *rf)
        return false;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Check promises and eliminate potentially-satisfying threads when a thread is
+ * blocked (e.g., join, lock). A thread which is waiting on another thread can
+ * no longer satisfy a promise generated from that thread.
+ *
+ * @param blocker The thread on which a thread is waiting
+ * @param waiting The waiting thread
+ */
+void ModelChecker::thread_blocking_check_promises(Thread *blocker, Thread *waiting)
+{
+       for (unsigned int i = 0; i < promises->size(); i++) {
+               Promise *promise = (*promises)[i];
+               if (!promise->thread_is_available(waiting->get_id()))
+                       continue;
+               for (unsigned int j = 0; j < promise->get_num_readers(); j++) {
+                       ModelAction *reader = promise->get_reader(j);
+                       if (reader->get_tid() != blocker->get_id())
+                               continue;
+                       if (promise->eliminate_thread(waiting->get_id())) {
+                               /* Promise has failed */
+                               priv->failed_promise = true;
+                       } else {
+                               /* Only eliminate the 'waiting' thread once */
+                               return;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+}
+
 /**
  * @brief Check whether a model action is enabled.
  *
@@ -1339,7 +1418,7 @@ bool ModelChecker::check_action_enabled(ModelAction *curr) {
        if (curr->is_lock()) {
                std::mutex *lock = (std::mutex *)curr->get_location();
                struct std::mutex_state *state = lock->get_state();
-               if (state->islocked) {
+               if (state->locked) {
                        //Stick the action in the appropriate waiting queue
                        get_safe_ptr_action(lock_waiters_map, curr->get_location())->push_back(curr);
                        return false;
@@ -1348,6 +1427,7 @@ bool ModelChecker::check_action_enabled(ModelAction *curr) {
                Thread *blocking = (Thread *)curr->get_location();
                if (!blocking->is_complete()) {
                        blocking->push_wait_list(curr);
+                       thread_blocking_check_promises(blocking, get_thread(curr));
                        return false;
                }
        }
@@ -1393,7 +1473,7 @@ ModelAction * ModelChecker::check_current_action(ModelAction *curr)
 
        /* Build may_read_from set for newly-created actions */
        if (newly_explored && curr->is_read())
-               build_reads_from_past(curr);
+               build_may_read_from(curr);
 
        /* Initialize work_queue with the "current action" work */
        work_queue_t work_queue(1, CheckCurrWorkEntry(curr));
@@ -1410,7 +1490,7 @@ ModelAction * ModelChecker::check_current_action(ModelAction *curr)
                        if (process_thread_action(curr))
                                update_all = true;
 
-                       if (act->is_read() && process_read(act, second_part_of_rmw))
+                       if (act->is_read() && !second_part_of_rmw && process_read(act))
                                update = true;
 
                        if (act->is_write() && process_write(act))
@@ -1451,7 +1531,7 @@ ModelAction * ModelChecker::check_current_action(ModelAction *curr)
                                }
                        }
                        if (act->is_write()) {
-                               if (w_modification_order(act))
+                               if (w_modification_order(act, NULL))
                                        updated = true;
                        }
                        mo_graph->commitChanges();
@@ -1479,7 +1559,6 @@ void ModelChecker::check_curr_backtracking(ModelAction *curr)
        if ((parnode && !parnode->backtrack_empty()) ||
                         !currnode->misc_empty() ||
                         !currnode->read_from_empty() ||
-                        !currnode->future_value_empty() ||
                         !currnode->promise_empty() ||
                         !currnode->relseq_break_empty()) {
                set_latest_backtrack(curr);
@@ -1573,92 +1652,106 @@ ModelAction * ModelChecker::process_rmw(ModelAction *act) {
 }
 
 /**
- * Checks whether a thread has read from the same write for too many times
- * without seeing the effects of a later write.
- *
- * Basic idea:
- * 1) there must a different write that we could read from that would satisfy the modification order,
- * 2) we must have read from the same value in excess of maxreads times, and
- * 3) that other write must have been in the reads_from set for maxreads times.
+ * A helper function for ModelChecker::check_recency, to check if the current
+ * thread is able to read from a different write/promise for 'params.maxreads'
+ * number of steps and if that write/promise should become visible (i.e., is
+ * ordered later in the modification order). This helps model memory liveness.
  *
- * If so, we decide that the execution is no longer feasible.
+ * @param curr The current action. Must be a read.
+ * @param rf The write/promise from which we plan to read
+ * @param other_rf The write/promise from which we may read
+ * @return True if we were able to read from other_rf for params.maxreads steps
  */
-void ModelChecker::check_recency(ModelAction *curr, const ModelAction *rf)
+template <typename T, typename U>
+bool ModelChecker::should_read_instead(const ModelAction *curr, const T *rf, const U *other_rf) const
 {
-       if (params.maxreads != 0) {
-               if (curr->get_node()->get_read_from_size() <= 1)
-                       return;
-               //Must make sure that execution is currently feasible...  We could
-               //accidentally clear by rolling back
-               if (is_infeasible())
-                       return;
-               std::vector<action_list_t> *thrd_lists = get_safe_ptr_vect_action(obj_thrd_map, curr->get_location());
-               int tid = id_to_int(curr->get_tid());
-
-               /* Skip checks */
-               if ((int)thrd_lists->size() <= tid)
-                       return;
-               action_list_t *list = &(*thrd_lists)[tid];
-
-               action_list_t::reverse_iterator rit = list->rbegin();
-               /* Skip past curr */
-               for (; (*rit) != curr; rit++)
-                       ;
-               /* go past curr now */
-               rit++;
-
-               action_list_t::reverse_iterator ritcopy = rit;
-               //See if we have enough reads from the same value
-               int count = 0;
-               for (; count < params.maxreads; rit++, count++) {
-                       if (rit == list->rend())
-                               return;
-                       ModelAction *act = *rit;
-                       if (!act->is_read())
-                               return;
-
-                       if (act->get_reads_from() != rf)
-                               return;
-                       if (act->get_node()->get_read_from_size() <= 1)
-                               return;
-               }
-               for (int i = 0; i < curr->get_node()->get_read_from_size(); i++) {
-                       /* Get write */
-                       const ModelAction *write = curr->get_node()->get_read_from_at(i);
+       /* Need a different write/promise */
+       if (other_rf->equals(rf))
+               return false;
 
-                       /* Need a different write */
-                       if (write == rf)
-                               continue;
+       /* Only look for "newer" writes/promises */
+       if (!mo_graph->checkReachable(rf, other_rf))
+               return false;
 
-                       /* Test to see whether this is a feasible write to read from */
-                       /** NOTE: all members of read-from set should be
-                        *  feasible, so we no longer check it here **/
+       std::vector<action_list_t> *thrd_lists = get_safe_ptr_vect_action(obj_thrd_map, curr->get_location());
+       action_list_t *list = &(*thrd_lists)[id_to_int(curr->get_tid())];
+       action_list_t::reverse_iterator rit = list->rbegin();
+       ASSERT((*rit) == curr);
+       /* Skip past curr */
+       rit++;
+
+       /* Does this write/promise work for everyone? */
+       for (int i = 0; i < params.maxreads; i++, rit++) {
+               ModelAction *act = *rit;
+               if (!act->may_read_from(other_rf))
+                       return false;
+       }
+       return true;
+}
 
-                       rit = ritcopy;
+/**
+ * Checks whether a thread has read from the same write or Promise for too many
+ * times without seeing the effects of a later write/Promise.
+ *
+ * Basic idea:
+ * 1) there must a different write/promise that we could read from,
+ * 2) we must have read from the same write/promise in excess of maxreads times,
+ * 3) that other write/promise must have been in the reads_from set for maxreads times, and
+ * 4) that other write/promise must be mod-ordered after the write/promise we are reading.
+ *
+ * If so, we decide that the execution is no longer feasible.
+ *
+ * @param curr The current action. Must be a read.
+ * @param rf The ModelAction/Promise from which we might read.
+ * @return True if the read should succeed; false otherwise
+ */
+template <typename T>
+bool ModelChecker::check_recency(ModelAction *curr, const T *rf) const
+{
+       if (!params.maxreads)
+               return true;
 
-                       bool feasiblewrite = true;
-                       //new we need to see if this write works for everyone
+       //NOTE: Next check is just optimization, not really necessary....
+       if (curr->get_node()->get_read_from_past_size() +
+                       curr->get_node()->get_read_from_promise_size() <= 1)
+               return true;
 
-                       for (int loop = count; loop > 0; loop--, rit++) {
-                               ModelAction *act = *rit;
-                               bool foundvalue = false;
-                               for (int j = 0; j < act->get_node()->get_read_from_size(); j++) {
-                                       if (act->get_node()->get_read_from_at(j) == write) {
-                                               foundvalue = true;
-                                               break;
-                                       }
-                               }
-                               if (!foundvalue) {
-                                       feasiblewrite = false;
-                                       break;
-                               }
-                       }
-                       if (feasiblewrite) {
-                               priv->too_many_reads = true;
-                               return;
-                       }
-               }
+       std::vector<action_list_t> *thrd_lists = get_safe_ptr_vect_action(obj_thrd_map, curr->get_location());
+       int tid = id_to_int(curr->get_tid());
+       ASSERT(tid < (int)thrd_lists->size());
+       action_list_t *list = &(*thrd_lists)[tid];
+       action_list_t::reverse_iterator rit = list->rbegin();
+       ASSERT((*rit) == curr);
+       /* Skip past curr */
+       rit++;
+
+       action_list_t::reverse_iterator ritcopy = rit;
+       /* See if we have enough reads from the same value */
+       for (int count = 0; count < params.maxreads; ritcopy++, count++) {
+               if (ritcopy == list->rend())
+                       return true;
+               ModelAction *act = *ritcopy;
+               if (!act->is_read())
+                       return true;
+               if (act->get_reads_from_promise() && !act->get_reads_from_promise()->equals(rf))
+                       return true;
+               if (act->get_reads_from() && !act->get_reads_from()->equals(rf))
+                       return true;
+               if (act->get_node()->get_read_from_past_size() +
+                               act->get_node()->get_read_from_promise_size() <= 1)
+                       return true;
+       }
+       for (int i = 0; i < curr->get_node()->get_read_from_past_size(); i++) {
+               const ModelAction *write = curr->get_node()->get_read_from_past(i);
+               if (should_read_instead(curr, rf, write))
+                       return false; /* liveness failure */
+       }
+       for (int i = 0; i < curr->get_node()->get_read_from_promise_size(); i++) {
+               const Promise *promise = curr->get_node()->get_read_from_promise(i);
+               if (should_read_instead(curr, rf, promise))
+                       return false; /* liveness failure */
        }
+       return true;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -1738,13 +1831,13 @@ bool ModelChecker::r_modification_order(ModelAction *curr, const rf_type *rf)
                                                added = mo_graph->addEdge(act, rf) || added;
                                        }
                                } else {
-                                       const ModelAction *prevreadfrom = act->get_reads_from();
-                                       //if the previous read is unresolved, keep going...
-                                       if (prevreadfrom == NULL)
-                                               continue;
-
-                                       if (!prevreadfrom->equals(rf)) {
-                                               added = mo_graph->addEdge(prevreadfrom, rf) || added;
+                                       const ModelAction *prevrf = act->get_reads_from();
+                                       const Promise *prevrf_promise = act->get_reads_from_promise();
+                                       if (prevrf) {
+                                               if (!prevrf->equals(rf))
+                                                       added = mo_graph->addEdge(prevrf, rf) || added;
+                                       } else if (!prevrf_promise->equals(rf)) {
+                                               added = mo_graph->addEdge(prevrf_promise, rf) || added;
                                        }
                                }
                                break;
@@ -1783,9 +1876,11 @@ bool ModelChecker::r_modification_order(ModelAction *curr, const rf_type *rf)
  * (II) Sending the write back to non-synchronizing reads.
  *
  * @param curr The current action. Must be a write.
+ * @param send_fv A vector for stashing reads to which we may pass our future
+ * value. If NULL, then don't record any future values.
  * @return True if modification order edges were added; false otherwise
  */
-bool ModelChecker::w_modification_order(ModelAction *curr)
+bool ModelChecker::w_modification_order(ModelAction *curr, std::vector< ModelAction *, ModelAlloc<ModelAction *> > *send_fv)
 {
        std::vector<action_list_t> *thrd_lists = get_safe_ptr_vect_action(obj_thrd_map, curr->get_location());
        unsigned int i;
@@ -1878,9 +1973,9 @@ bool ModelChecker::w_modification_order(ModelAction *curr)
                                   pendingfuturevalue.
 
                                 */
-                               if (thin_air_constraint_may_allow(curr, act)) {
+                               if (send_fv && thin_air_constraint_may_allow(curr, act)) {
                                        if (!is_infeasible())
-                                               futurevalues->push_back(PendingFutureValue(curr, act));
+                                               send_fv->push_back(act);
                                        else if (curr->is_rmw() && act->is_rmw() && curr->get_reads_from() && curr->get_reads_from() == act->get_reads_from())
                                                add_future_value(curr, act);
                                }
@@ -2402,51 +2497,60 @@ ClockVector * ModelChecker::get_cv(thread_id_t tid) const
 }
 
 /**
- * Resolve a set of Promises with a current write. The set is provided in the
- * Node corresponding to @a write.
+ * @brief Find the promise, if any to resolve for the current action
+ * @param curr The current ModelAction. Should be a write.
+ * @return The (non-negative) index for the Promise to resolve, if any;
+ * otherwise -1
+ */
+int ModelChecker::get_promise_to_resolve(const ModelAction *curr) const
+{
+       for (unsigned int i = 0; i < promises->size(); i++)
+               if (curr->get_node()->get_promise(i))
+                       return i;
+       return -1;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Resolve a Promise with a current write.
  * @param write The ModelAction that is fulfilling Promises
- * @return True if promises were resolved; false otherwise
+ * @param promise_idx The index corresponding to the promise
+ * @return True if the Promise was successfully resolved; false otherwise
  */
-bool ModelChecker::resolve_promises(ModelAction *write)
+bool ModelChecker::resolve_promise(ModelAction *write, unsigned int promise_idx)
 {
-       bool haveResolved = false;
        std::vector< ModelAction *, ModelAlloc<ModelAction *> > actions_to_check;
-       promise_list_t mustResolve, resolved;
-
-       for (unsigned int i = 0, promise_index = 0; promise_index < promises->size(); i++) {
-               Promise *promise = (*promises)[promise_index];
-               if (write->get_node()->get_promise(i)) {
-                       ModelAction *read = promise->get_action();
-                       read_from(read, write);
-                       //Make sure the promise's value matches the write's value
-                       ASSERT(promise->is_compatible(write));
-                       mo_graph->resolvePromise(read, write, &mustResolve);
+       Promise *promise = (*promises)[promise_idx];
 
-                       resolved.push_back(promise);
-                       promises->erase(promises->begin() + promise_index);
-                       actions_to_check.push_back(read);
-
-                       haveResolved = true;
-               } else
-                       promise_index++;
+       for (unsigned int i = 0; i < promise->get_num_readers(); i++) {
+               ModelAction *read = promise->get_reader(i);
+               read_from(read, write);
+               actions_to_check.push_back(read);
        }
+       /* Make sure the promise's value matches the write's value */
+       ASSERT(promise->is_compatible(write) && promise->same_value(write));
+       if (!mo_graph->resolvePromise(promise, write))
+               priv->failed_promise = true;
+
+       promises->erase(promises->begin() + promise_idx);
+       /**
+        * @todo  It is possible to end up in an inconsistent state, where a
+        * "resolved" promise may still be referenced if
+        * CycleGraph::resolvePromise() failed, so don't delete 'promise'.
+        *
+        * Note that the inconsistency only matters when dumping mo_graph to
+        * file.
+        *
+        * delete promise;
+        */
 
-       for (unsigned int i = 0; i < mustResolve.size(); i++) {
-               if (std::find(resolved.begin(), resolved.end(), mustResolve[i])
-                               == resolved.end())
-                       priv->failed_promise = true;
-       }
-       for (unsigned int i = 0; i < resolved.size(); i++)
-               delete resolved[i];
        //Check whether reading these writes has made threads unable to
        //resolve promises
-
        for (unsigned int i = 0; i < actions_to_check.size(); i++) {
                ModelAction *read = actions_to_check[i];
                mo_check_promises(read, true);
        }
 
-       return haveResolved;
+       return true;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -2459,15 +2563,20 @@ void ModelChecker::compute_promises(ModelAction *curr)
 {
        for (unsigned int i = 0; i < promises->size(); i++) {
                Promise *promise = (*promises)[i];
-               const ModelAction *act = promise->get_action();
-               if (!act->happens_before(curr) &&
-                               act->is_read() &&
-                               !act->could_synchronize_with(curr) &&
-                               !act->same_thread(curr) &&
-                               act->get_location() == curr->get_location() &&
-                               promise->get_value() == curr->get_value()) {
-                       curr->get_node()->set_promise(i, act->is_rmw());
+               if (!promise->is_compatible(curr) || !promise->same_value(curr))
+                       continue;
+
+               bool satisfy = true;
+               for (unsigned int j = 0; j < promise->get_num_readers(); j++) {
+                       const ModelAction *act = promise->get_reader(j);
+                       if (act->happens_before(curr) ||
+                                       act->could_synchronize_with(curr)) {
+                               satisfy = false;
+                               break;
+                       }
                }
+               if (satisfy)
+                       curr->get_node()->set_promise(i);
        }
 }
 
@@ -2476,13 +2585,17 @@ void ModelChecker::check_promises(thread_id_t tid, ClockVector *old_cv, ClockVec
 {
        for (unsigned int i = 0; i < promises->size(); i++) {
                Promise *promise = (*promises)[i];
-               const ModelAction *act = promise->get_action();
-               if ((old_cv == NULL || !old_cv->synchronized_since(act)) &&
-                               merge_cv->synchronized_since(act)) {
-                       if (promise->eliminate_thread(tid)) {
-                               //Promise has failed
-                               priv->failed_promise = true;
-                               return;
+               if (!promise->thread_is_available(tid))
+                       continue;
+               for (unsigned int j = 0; j < promise->get_num_readers(); j++) {
+                       const ModelAction *act = promise->get_reader(j);
+                       if ((!old_cv || !old_cv->synchronized_since(act)) &&
+                                       merge_cv->synchronized_since(act)) {
+                               if (promise->eliminate_thread(tid)) {
+                                       /* Promise has failed */
+                                       priv->failed_promise = true;
+                                       return;
+                               }
                        }
                }
        }
@@ -2519,15 +2632,20 @@ void ModelChecker::mo_check_promises(const ModelAction *act, bool is_read_check)
 
        for (unsigned int i = 0; i < promises->size(); i++) {
                Promise *promise = (*promises)[i];
-               const ModelAction *pread = promise->get_action();
 
                // Is this promise on the same location?
-               if (!pread->same_var(write))
+               if (!promise->same_location(write))
                        continue;
 
-               if (pread->happens_before(act) && mo_graph->checkPromise(write, promise)) {
-                       priv->failed_promise = true;
-                       return;
+               for (unsigned int j = 0; j < promise->get_num_readers(); j++) {
+                       const ModelAction *pread = promise->get_reader(j);
+                       if (!pread->happens_before(act))
+                              continue;
+                       if (mo_graph->checkPromise(write, promise)) {
+                               priv->failed_promise = true;
+                               return;
+                       }
+                       break;
                }
 
                // Don't do any lookups twice for the same thread
@@ -2568,12 +2686,12 @@ void ModelChecker::compute_relseq_breakwrites(ModelAction *curr)
 
 /**
  * Build up an initial set of all past writes that this 'read' action may read
- * from. This set is determined by the clock vector's "happens before"
- * relationship.
+ * from, as well as any previously-observed future values that must still be valid.
+ *
  * @param curr is the current ModelAction that we are exploring; it must be a
  * 'read' operation.
  */
-void ModelChecker::build_reads_from_past(ModelAction *curr)
+void ModelChecker::build_may_read_from(ModelAction *curr)
 {
        std::vector<action_list_t> *thrd_lists = get_safe_ptr_vect_action(obj_thrd_map, curr->get_location());
        unsigned int i;
@@ -2609,7 +2727,7 @@ void ModelChecker::build_reads_from_past(ModelAction *curr)
                                mo_graph->startChanges();
                                r_modification_order(curr, act);
                                if (!is_infeasible())
-                                       curr->get_node()->add_read_from(act);
+                                       curr->get_node()->add_read_from_past(act);
                                mo_graph->rollbackChanges();
                        }
 
@@ -2618,8 +2736,23 @@ void ModelChecker::build_reads_from_past(ModelAction *curr)
                                break;
                }
        }
+
+       /* Inherit existing, promised future values */
+       for (i = 0; i < promises->size(); i++) {
+               const Promise *promise = (*promises)[i];
+               const ModelAction *promise_read = promise->get_reader(0);
+               if (promise_read->same_var(curr)) {
+                       /* Only add feasible future-values */
+                       mo_graph->startChanges();
+                       r_modification_order(curr, promise);
+                       if (!is_infeasible())
+                               curr->get_node()->add_read_from_promise(promise_read);
+                       mo_graph->rollbackChanges();
+               }
+       }
+
        /* We may find no valid may-read-from only if the execution is doomed */
-       if (!curr->get_node()->get_read_from_size()) {
+       if (!curr->get_node()->read_from_size()) {
                priv->no_valid_reads = true;
                set_assert();
        }
@@ -2627,9 +2760,9 @@ void ModelChecker::build_reads_from_past(ModelAction *curr)
        if (DBG_ENABLED()) {
                model_print("Reached read action:\n");
                curr->print();
-               model_print("Printing may_read_from\n");
-               curr->get_node()->print_may_read_from();
-               model_print("End printing may_read_from\n");
+               model_print("Printing read_from_past\n");
+               curr->get_node()->print_read_from_past();
+               model_print("End printing read_from_past\n");
        }
 }
 
@@ -2690,17 +2823,28 @@ void ModelChecker::dumpGraph(char *filename) const
        ModelAction **thread_array = (ModelAction **)model_calloc(1, sizeof(ModelAction *) * get_num_threads());
 
        for (action_list_t::iterator it = action_trace->begin(); it != action_trace->end(); it++) {
-               ModelAction *action = *it;
-               if (action->is_read()) {
-                       fprintf(file, "N%u [label=\"N%u, T%u\"];\n", action->get_seq_number(), action->get_seq_number(), action->get_tid());
-                       if (action->get_reads_from() != NULL)
-                               fprintf(file, "N%u -> N%u[label=\"rf\", color=red];\n", action->get_seq_number(), action->get_reads_from()->get_seq_number());
+               ModelAction *act = *it;
+               if (act->is_read()) {
+                       mo_graph->dot_print_node(file, act);
+                       if (act->get_reads_from())
+                               mo_graph->dot_print_edge(file,
+                                               act->get_reads_from(),
+                                               act,
+                                               "label=\"rf\", color=red, weight=2");
+                       else
+                               mo_graph->dot_print_edge(file,
+                                               act->get_reads_from_promise(),
+                                               act,
+                                               "label=\"rf\", color=red");
                }
-               if (thread_array[action->get_tid()] != NULL) {
-                       fprintf(file, "N%u -> N%u[label=\"sb\", color=blue];\n", thread_array[action->get_tid()]->get_seq_number(), action->get_seq_number());
+               if (thread_array[act->get_tid()]) {
+                       mo_graph->dot_print_edge(file,
+                                       thread_array[id_to_int(act->get_tid())],
+                                       act,
+                                       "label=\"sb\", color=blue, weight=400");
                }
 
-               thread_array[action->get_tid()] = action;
+               thread_array[act->get_tid()] = act;
        }
        fprintf(file, "}\n");
        model_free(thread_array);
@@ -2720,9 +2864,11 @@ void ModelChecker::print_summary() const
 #endif
 
        model_print("Execution %d:", stats.num_total);
-       if (isfeasibleprefix())
+       if (isfeasibleprefix()) {
+               if (scheduler->all_threads_sleeping())
+                       model_print(" SLEEP-SET REDUNDANT");
                model_print("\n");
-       else
+       else
                print_infeasibility(" INFEASIBLE");
        print_list(action_trace);
        model_print("\n");
@@ -2768,6 +2914,26 @@ Thread * ModelChecker::get_thread(const ModelAction *act) const
        return get_thread(act->get_tid());
 }
 
+/**
+ * @brief Get a Promise's "promise number"
+ *
+ * A "promise number" is an index number that is unique to a promise, valid
+ * only for a specific snapshot of an execution trace. Promises may come and go
+ * as they are generated an resolved, so an index only retains meaning for the
+ * current snapshot.
+ *
+ * @param promise The Promise to check
+ * @return The promise index, if the promise still is valid; otherwise -1
+ */
+int ModelChecker::get_promise_number(const Promise *promise) const
+{
+       for (unsigned int i = 0; i < promises->size(); i++)
+               if ((*promises)[i] == promise)
+                       return i;
+       /* Not found */
+       return -1;
+}
+
 /**
  * @brief Check if a Thread is currently enabled
  * @param t The Thread to check
@@ -2871,7 +3037,7 @@ void ModelChecker::run()
 {
        do {
                thrd_t user_thread;
-               Thread *t = new Thread(&user_thread, &user_main_wrapper, NULL);
+               Thread *t = new Thread(&user_thread, &user_main_wrapper, NULL, NULL);
                add_thread(t);
 
                do {
@@ -2886,6 +3052,8 @@ void ModelChecker::run()
                                Thread *thr = get_thread(tid);
                                if (!thr->is_model_thread() && !thr->is_complete() && !thr->get_pending()) {
                                        switch_from_master(thr);
+                                       if (is_circular_wait(thr))
+                                               assert_bug("Deadlock detected");
                                }
                        }