\r
\subsubsection{Lemmas and Proofs}\r
\r
-\begin{prop} \r
+\begin{prop}\r
+\label{prop:parentmessage}\r
Every client $\mathsf{J}$ who sends a message $\mathsf{t}$ \r
has parent $\mathsf{p_t}$ as its latest stored message, and \r
$\mathsf{s_t = s_{p_t} + 1}$. \r
is sent. \r
\end{proof}\r
\r
-\begin{prop} If a rejected message entry is added to the set $\mathsf{CR}$ \r
+\begin{prop} \r
+\label{prop:rejectedmessage}\r
+If a rejected message entry is added to the set $\mathsf{CR}$ \r
at sequence number $\mathsf{s}$, the message will remain in $\mathsf{CR}$ \r
until every client has seen it. \r
\end{prop}\r
\restore\r
\restore\r
}\r
-\caption{By Lemma 1, receiving both $t$ and $u$ here is impossible.}\r
+\caption{By \textbf{Lemma \ref{lem:twomessages}}, receiving both $t$ and $u$ here is impossible.}\r
\end{figure}\r
\r
-\begin{lem} Two messages are received without errors by a client $\mathsf{C}$; \r
+\begin{lem}\r
+\label{lem:twomessages}\r
+Two messages are received without errors by a client $\mathsf{C}$; \r
call them $\mathsf{t}$ and $\mathsf{u}$ such that $\mathsf{s_t \le s_u}$. \r
Then $\mathsf{t}$ is in the path of $\mathsf{u}$. \r
\end{lem}\r
\r
We also know the following facts: \r
\r
-\begin{prop} No client sends both a message in \r
-$\mathsf{(r_2,...,t)}$ and a message in $\mathsf{(l_2,...,u)}$. \r
+\begin{prop} \r
+\label{prop:bothmessages}\r
+No client sends both a message in $\mathsf{(r_2,...,t)}$ and a message in $\mathsf{(l_2,...,u)}$. \r
\end{prop}\r
\r
\begin{proof}\r
To send a message $\mathsf{p}$ that is the parent of some other \r
message, one must have received the parent of $\mathsf{p}$. Since \r
$\mathsf{u}$ is the message with smallest sequence number received by any \r
-client that violates Lemma 1, no client receives both a message in $\mathsf{r}$ \r
-and a message in $\mathsf{l}$. \r
+client that violates Lemma \ref{lem:twomessages}, no client receives both a message \r
+in $\mathsf{r}$ and a message in $\mathsf{l}$. \r
\end{proof}\r
\r
-\begin{prop} $\mathsf{C}$ does not receive any message with a\r
+\begin{prop} \r
+\label{prop:seqnumb}\r
+$\mathsf{C}$ does not receive any message with a\r
sequence number strictly between $\mathsf{s_t}$ and $\mathsf{s_u}$. \r
\end{prop}\r
\r
\begin{proof} If there were such a message with sequence number smaller than \r
$\mathsf{s_u}$, it would contradict the assumption that $\mathsf{u}$ is the \r
-message with the least sequence number that violates Lemma 1. \r
+message with the least sequence number that violates Lemma \ref{lem:twomessages}. \r
\end{proof}\r
\r
There are two cases:\r
\item Case 1.1: $\mathsf{C}$ never updates its slot sequence list $\mathsf{SS}$ \r
between receiving $\mathsf{t}$ and receiving $\mathsf{u}$; this can only happen if \r
$\mathsf{s_t = s_u - 1}$. Since $\mathsf{t}$ is not the parent of $\mathsf{u}$, \r
-$\mathsf{hmac_p(u) \neq hmac_c(t)}$, causing $\mathsf{C}$ to error.\r
+$\mathsf{hmac_p(u) \neq hmac_c(t)}$, causing $\mathsf{C}$ to throw an error.\r
\item Case 1.2: Case 1.1 does not occur; therefore, $\mathsf{C}$ must update \r
its slot sequence list $\mathsf{SS}$ at some point between receiving $\mathsf{t}$ \r
and $\mathsf{u}$. \r
The latest sequence number of $\mathsf{J}$ decreases during this time, which \r
means it must decrease when some message is received, which means $\mathsf{C}$ \r
-throws an error in the $\mathsf{CheckLastSeqN}$ subroutine.\r
+throws an error in the $\mathsf{CheckLastSeqN()}$ subroutine.\r
\end{itemize}\r
\r
\item Case 2: $\mathsf{J}$ sent at least one message in $\mathsf{L}$. Call the \r
$\mathsf{s_{r_1}}$, a contradiction.\r
\item Case 2.2: Client $\mathsf{J}$ sends $\mathsf{r_1}$, and then $\mathsf{m}$. \r
Let $\mathsf{X = (r_1 = x_1, \dots , x_n)}$ be the list of messages $\mathsf{J}$ sends \r
-starting before $\mathsf{r_1}$ and ending before $m$; clearly these all have sequence number $\mathsf{s_p = s_q + 1}$.\r
+starting before $\mathsf{r_1}$ and ending before $m$; clearly these all have sequence \r
+number $\mathsf{s_p = s_q + 1}$.\r
\begin{itemize}\r
\item Case 2.2.1: Some message in $\mathsf{X}$ was accepted. Before sending $\mathsf{m}$, \r
$\mathsf{J}$'s value in $\mathsf{MS_J}$ for its own latest sequence number would \r
\item Case 2.2.2: All messages in $\mathsf{X}$ were rejected, making $\mathsf{m}$ \r
the first message of $\mathsf{J}$ that is accepted after $\mathsf{r_1}$.\r
\r
-We will show that $\mathsf{C}$ sees $\mathsf{r_1}$. Assume not. Then $\mathsf{(r_2, ..., u)}$ must have at least $\mathsf{{max_g}_C} >= 2$ messages for $\mathsf{r_1}$ to fall off the end of the queue. Consider the sender of $\mathsf{r_3}$ and call it $\mathsf{H}$. $\mathsf{H \neq J}$ by Proposition 3 and the existence of $\mathsf{m}$. Since $\mathsf{H \neq J}$, then by Proposition 3 it could not also have sent a message in $\mathsf{(l_2,..., u}$. Therefore, $\mathsf{s_{u_H} < s_q + 2 = s_{t_H}}$, so upon receipt of $\mathsf{u}$, $\mathsf{C}$ will throw an error by the decrease in a last sequence number similar to Case 1, a contradiction.\r
-\r
-Now that we know that $\mathsf{C}$ sees $\mathsf{r_1}$, note that C receives $\mathsf{u}$ immediately after $\mathsf{t}$ by Proposition 4. Therefore, \r
+We will show that $\mathsf{C}$ sees $\mathsf{r_1}$. Assume not. Then $\mathsf{(r_2, ..., u)}$ \r
+must have at least $\mathsf{{max_g}_C} \geq 2$ messages for $\mathsf{r_1}$ to fall off the \r
+end of the queue. Consider the sender of $\mathsf{r_3}$ and call it $\mathsf{H}$. \r
+$\mathsf{H \neq J}$ by Proposition \ref{prop:bothmessages} and the existence of $\mathsf{m}$. \r
+Since $\mathsf{H \neq J}$, then by Proposition \ref{prop:bothmessages} it could not also \r
+have sent a message in $\mathsf{(l_2,..., u)}$. Therefore, $\mathsf{s_{u_H} < s_q + 2 = s_{t_H}}$, \r
+so upon receipt of $\mathsf{u}$, $\mathsf{C}$ will throw an error by the decrease in a \r
+last sequence number similar to Case 1, a contradiction.\r
+\r
+Now that we know that $\mathsf{C}$ sees $\mathsf{r_1}$, note that C receives $\mathsf{u}$ \r
+immediately after $\mathsf{t}$ by Proposition \ref{prop:seqnumb}. Therefore, \r
$\mathsf{C}$ could not have seen a message after $\mathsf{t}$ with sequence number less \r
-than $\mathsf{s_m}$. In the $\mathsf{PutDataEntries}$ subroutine, $\mathsf{J}$ adds every \r
+than $\mathsf{s_m}$. In the $\mathsf{PutDataEntries()}$ subroutine, $\mathsf{J}$ adds every \r
$\mathsf{cr}$ entry that contains sequence number $\mathsf{s}$ and machine ID \r
$\mathsf{id}$ of the messsages that win in the collisions before $\mathsf{m}$ into \r
$\mathsf{CR}$; $\mathsf{CR}$ keeps the collection of live $\mathsf{cr}$ entries, namely\r
\end{itemize}\r
\end{proof}\r
\r
-\begin{lem} If there are two packets $\mathsf{t}$ and $\mathsf{u}$, with \r
+\begin{lem} \r
+\label{lem:pathmessages}\r
+If there are two messages $\mathsf{t}$ and $\mathsf{u}$, with \r
$\mathsf{s_t \leq s_u}$, such that $\mathsf{t}$ is in the path of $\mathsf{u}$, \r
then for any message $\mathsf{p}$ with $\mathsf{s_p \leq s_t}$, iff $\mathsf{p}$ is in \r
the path of $\mathsf{t}$, it is in the path of $\mathsf{u}$. \r
set, with partial sequence $\mathsf{P_{C_1}}$, and let $\mathsf{u}$ be some message with \r
$\mathsf{s_u > s_n}$ that $\mathsf{C_1}$ shares with another client. Then let $\mathsf{T}$ \r
be the portion of the path of $\mathsf{u}$ ending at sequence number $\mathsf{s_n}$ and \r
-$\mathsf{t}$ be the message at that sequence number. Clearly, by Lemma 1, $\mathsf{P_{C_1}}$ \r
-is consistent with $\mathsf{T}$. We will show that, for every other client $\mathsf{D}$ \r
-with partial sequence $\mathsf{P_D}$, $\mathsf{P_D}$ has some message whose path includes \r
-$\mathsf{t}$. Because $\mathsf{D}$ is in the transitive closure, there is a sequence of \r
-clients $\mathsf{\mathscr{C} = (C_1, C_2, ..., D)}$ from $\mathsf{C_1}$ to $\mathsf{D}$, \r
+$\mathsf{t}$ be the message at that sequence number. Clearly, by Lemma \ref{lem:twomessages}, \r
+$\mathsf{P_{C_1}}$ is consistent with $\mathsf{T}$. We will show that, for every other client \r
+$\mathsf{D}$ with partial sequence $\mathsf{P_D}$, $\mathsf{P_D}$ has some message whose path \r
+includes $\mathsf{t}$. Because $\mathsf{D}$ is in the transitive closure, there is a sequence \r
+of clients $\mathsf{\mathscr{C} = (C_1, C_2, ..., D)}$ from $\mathsf{C_1}$ to $\mathsf{D}$, \r
where each shares an edge with the next.\r
We prove by induction that $\mathsf{P_D}$ has a message whose path includes $\mathsf{t}$.\r
\begin{itemize}\r
\item Inductive step: Each client in $\mathsf{\mathscr{C}}$ has a partial sequence with a message \r
that includes $\mathsf{t}$ if the previous client does. Suppose $\mathsf{P_{C_k}}$ has \r
a message $\mathsf{w}$ with a path that includes $\mathsf{t}$, and shares message $\mathsf{x}$ \r
-with $\mathsf{P_{C_{k+1}}}$ such that $\mathsf{s_x > s_n}$. By Lemma 1, $\mathsf{w}$ or \r
-$\mathsf{x}$, whichever has the least sequence number, is in the path of the other, and therefore \r
-by Lemma 2, $\mathsf{t}$ is in the path of $\mathsf{x}$.\r
+with $\mathsf{P_{C_{k+1}}}$ such that $\mathsf{s_x > s_n}$. By Lemma \ref{lem:twomessages}, \r
+$\mathsf{w}$ or $\mathsf{x}$, whichever has the least sequence number, is in the path of the other, \r
+and therefore by Lemma \ref{lem:pathmessages}, $\mathsf{t}$ is in the path of $\mathsf{x}$.\r
\r
\item Let $\mathsf{z}$ be the message of $\mathsf{D}$ whose path includes $\mathsf{t}$. \r
-By Lemma 1, every message in $\mathsf{P_D}$ with sequence number smaller than $\mathsf{s_w}$ \r
-is in the path of $\mathsf{z}$. Since $\mathsf{t}$ is in the path of $\mathsf{z}$, every \r
-message in $\mathsf{P_D}$ with smaller sequence number than $\mathsf{s_t = s_n}$ is in $\mathsf{T}$. \r
+By Lemma \ref{lem:twomessages}, every message in $\mathsf{P_D}$ with sequence number smaller \r
+than $\mathsf{s_w}$ is in the path of $\mathsf{z}$. Since $\mathsf{t}$ is in the path of \r
+$\mathsf{z}$, every message in $\mathsf{P_D}$ with smaller sequence number than \r
+$\mathsf{s_t = s_n}$ is in $\mathsf{T}$. \r
Therefore, $\mathsf{P_D}$ is consistent with $\mathsf{T}$.\r
\r
\end{itemize}\r
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