Merge branch 'norris'
[c11tester.git] / model.cc
index 7c0575fe198f055f38849889df7c38b10cdc46f2..64c1daa5d8f2b52aa561b50cbd2a07a65853ec84 100644 (file)
--- a/model.cc
+++ b/model.cc
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 #include "cyclegraph.h"
 #include "promise.h"
 #include "datarace.h"
+#include "mutex.h"
 
 #define INITIAL_THREAD_ID      0
 
@@ -27,10 +28,11 @@ ModelChecker::ModelChecker(struct model_params params) :
        action_trace(new action_list_t()),
        thread_map(new HashTable<int, Thread *, int>()),
        obj_map(new HashTable<const void *, action_list_t, uintptr_t, 4>()),
+       lock_waiters_map(new HashTable<const void *, action_list_t, uintptr_t, 4>()),
        obj_thrd_map(new HashTable<void *, std::vector<action_list_t>, uintptr_t, 4 >()),
        promises(new std::vector<Promise *>()),
        futurevalues(new std::vector<struct PendingFutureValue>()),
-       lazy_sync_with_release(new HashTable<void *, std::list<ModelAction *>, uintptr_t, 4>()),
+       lazy_sync_with_release(new HashTable<void *, action_list_t, uintptr_t, 4>()),
        thrd_last_action(new std::vector<ModelAction *>(1)),
        node_stack(new NodeStack()),
        mo_graph(new CycleGraph()),
@@ -55,6 +57,7 @@ ModelChecker::~ModelChecker()
 
        delete obj_thrd_map;
        delete obj_map;
+       delete lock_waiters_map;
        delete action_trace;
 
        for (unsigned int i = 0; i < promises->size(); i++)
@@ -83,19 +86,19 @@ void ModelChecker::reset_to_initial_state()
        snapshotObject->backTrackBeforeStep(0);
 }
 
-/** @returns a thread ID for a new Thread */
+/** @return a thread ID for a new Thread */
 thread_id_t ModelChecker::get_next_id()
 {
        return priv->next_thread_id++;
 }
 
-/** @returns the number of user threads created during this execution */
+/** @return the number of user threads created during this execution */
 int ModelChecker::get_num_threads()
 {
        return priv->next_thread_id;
 }
 
-/** @returns a sequence number for a new ModelAction */
+/** @return a sequence number for a new ModelAction */
 modelclock_t ModelChecker::get_next_seq_num()
 {
        return ++priv->used_sequence_numbers;
@@ -118,12 +121,14 @@ Thread * ModelChecker::get_next_thread(ModelAction *curr)
 {
        thread_id_t tid;
 
-       /* Do not split atomic actions. */
-       if (curr->is_rmwr())
-               return thread_current();
-       /* The THREAD_CREATE action points to the created Thread */
-       else if (curr->get_type() == THREAD_CREATE)
-               return (Thread *)curr->get_location();
+       if (curr!=NULL) {
+               /* Do not split atomic actions. */
+               if (curr->is_rmwr())
+                       return thread_current();
+               /* The THREAD_CREATE action points to the created Thread */
+               else if (curr->get_type() == THREAD_CREATE)
+                       return (Thread *)curr->get_location();
+       }
 
        /* Have we completed exploring the preselected path? */
        if (diverge == NULL)
@@ -195,9 +200,10 @@ bool ModelChecker::next_execution()
 
 ModelAction * ModelChecker::get_last_conflict(ModelAction *act)
 {
-       action_type type = act->get_type();
-
-       if (type==ATOMIC_READ||type==ATOMIC_WRITE||type==ATOMIC_RMW) {
+       switch (act->get_type()) {
+       case ATOMIC_READ:
+       case ATOMIC_WRITE:
+       case ATOMIC_RMW: {
                /* linear search: from most recent to oldest */
                action_list_t *list = obj_map->get_safe_ptr(act->get_location());
                action_list_t::reverse_iterator rit;
@@ -206,59 +212,84 @@ ModelAction * ModelChecker::get_last_conflict(ModelAction *act)
                        if (act->is_synchronizing(prev))
                                return prev;
                }
-       } else if (type==ATOMIC_LOCK||type==ATOMIC_TRYLOCK) {
+               break;
+       }
+       case ATOMIC_LOCK:
+       case ATOMIC_TRYLOCK: {
                /* linear search: from most recent to oldest */
                action_list_t *list = obj_map->get_safe_ptr(act->get_location());
                action_list_t::reverse_iterator rit;
                for (rit = list->rbegin(); rit != list->rend(); rit++) {
                        ModelAction *prev = *rit;
-                       if (prev->is_success_lock())
+                       if (act->is_conflicting_lock(prev))
                                return prev;
                }
-       } else if (type==ATOMIC_UNLOCK) {
+               break;
+       }
+       case ATOMIC_UNLOCK: {
                /* linear search: from most recent to oldest */
                action_list_t *list = obj_map->get_safe_ptr(act->get_location());
                action_list_t::reverse_iterator rit;
                for (rit = list->rbegin(); rit != list->rend(); rit++) {
                        ModelAction *prev = *rit;
-                       if (prev->is_failed_trylock())
+                       if (!act->same_thread(prev)&&prev->is_failed_trylock())
                                return prev;
                }
+               break;
+       }
+       default:
+               break;
        }
        return NULL;
 }
 
+/** This method find backtracking points where we should try to
+ * reorder the parameter ModelAction against.
+ *
+ * @param the ModelAction to find backtracking points for.
+ */
+
+
 void ModelChecker::set_backtracking(ModelAction *act)
 {
-       ModelAction *prev;
-       Node *node;
        Thread *t = get_thread(act);
-
-       prev = get_last_conflict(act);
+       ModelAction * prev = get_last_conflict(act);
        if (prev == NULL)
                return;
 
-       node = prev->get_node()->get_parent();
+       Node * node = prev->get_node()->get_parent();
 
-       while (!node->is_enabled(t))
-               t = t->get_parent();
+       int low_tid, high_tid;
+       if (node->is_enabled(t)) {
+               low_tid = id_to_int(act->get_tid());
+               high_tid = low_tid+1;
+       } else {
+               low_tid = 0;
+               high_tid = get_num_threads();
+       }
 
-       /* Check if this has been explored already */
-       if (node->has_been_explored(t->get_id()))
-               return;
+       for(int i = low_tid; i < high_tid; i++) {
+               thread_id_t tid = int_to_id(i);
+               if (!node->is_enabled(tid))
+                       continue;
 
-       /* Cache the latest backtracking point */
-       if (!priv->next_backtrack || *prev > *priv->next_backtrack)
-               priv->next_backtrack = prev;
+               /* Check if this has been explored already */
+               if (node->has_been_explored(tid))
+                       continue;
 
-       /* If this is a new backtracking point, mark the tree */
-       if (!node->set_backtrack(t->get_id()))
-               return;
-       DEBUG("Setting backtrack: conflict = %d, instead tid = %d\n",
-                       prev->get_tid(), t->get_id());
-       if (DBG_ENABLED()) {
-               prev->print();
-               act->print();
+               /* Cache the latest backtracking point */
+               if (!priv->next_backtrack || *prev > *priv->next_backtrack)
+                       priv->next_backtrack = prev;
+
+               /* If this is a new backtracking point, mark the tree */
+               if (!node->set_backtrack(tid))
+                       continue;
+               DEBUG("Setting backtrack: conflict = %d, instead tid = %d\n",
+                                       prev->get_tid(), t->get_id());
+               if (DBG_ENABLED()) {
+                       prev->print();
+                       act->print();
+               }
        }
 }
 
@@ -293,7 +324,7 @@ bool ModelChecker::process_read(ModelAction *curr, bool second_part_of_rmw)
                        bool r_status = false;
 
                        if (!second_part_of_rmw) {
-                               check_recency(curr,false);
+                               check_recency(curr);
                                r_status = r_modification_order(curr, reads_from);
                        }
 
@@ -320,6 +351,63 @@ bool ModelChecker::process_read(ModelAction *curr, bool second_part_of_rmw)
        }
 }
 
+/**
+ * Processes a lock, trylock, or unlock model action.  @param curr is
+ * the read model action to process.
+ *
+ * The try lock operation checks whether the lock is taken.  If not,
+ * it falls to the normal lock operation case.  If so, it returns
+ * fail.
+ *
+ * The lock operation has already been checked that it is enabled, so
+ * it just grabs the lock and synchronizes with the previous unlock.
+ *
+ * The unlock operation has to re-enable all of the threads that are
+ * waiting on the lock.
+ */
+void ModelChecker::process_mutex(ModelAction *curr) {
+       std::mutex *mutex = (std::mutex *)curr->get_location();
+       struct std::mutex_state *state = mutex->get_state();
+       switch (curr->get_type()) {
+       case ATOMIC_TRYLOCK: {
+               bool success = !state->islocked;
+               curr->set_try_lock(success);
+               if (!success) {
+                       get_thread(curr)->set_return_value(0);
+                       break;
+               }
+               get_thread(curr)->set_return_value(1);
+       }
+               //otherwise fall into the lock case
+       case ATOMIC_LOCK: {
+               if (curr->get_cv()->getClock(state->alloc_tid) <= state->alloc_clock) {
+                       printf("Lock access before initialization\n");
+                       set_assert();
+               }
+               state->islocked = true;
+               ModelAction *unlock = get_last_unlock(curr);
+               //synchronize with the previous unlock statement
+               if (unlock != NULL)
+                       curr->synchronize_with(unlock);
+               break;
+       }
+       case ATOMIC_UNLOCK: {
+               //unlock the lock
+               state->islocked = false;
+               //wake up the other threads
+               action_list_t *waiters = lock_waiters_map->get_safe_ptr(curr->get_location());
+               //activate all the waiting threads
+               for (action_list_t::iterator rit = waiters->begin(); rit != waiters->end(); rit++) {
+                       scheduler->add_thread(get_thread((*rit)->get_tid()));
+               }
+               waiters->clear();
+               break;
+       }
+       default:
+               ASSERT(0);
+       }
+}
+
 /**
  * Process a write ModelAction
  * @param curr The ModelAction to process
@@ -331,7 +419,7 @@ bool ModelChecker::process_write(ModelAction *curr)
        bool updated_promises = resolve_promises(curr);
 
        if (promises->size() == 0) {
-               for (unsigned int i = 0; i<futurevalues->size(); i++) {
+               for (unsigned int i = 0; i < futurevalues->size(); i++) {
                        struct PendingFutureValue pfv = (*futurevalues)[i];
                        if (pfv.act->get_node()->add_future_value(pfv.value, pfv.expiration) &&
                                        (!priv->next_backtrack || *pfv.act > *priv->next_backtrack))
@@ -345,6 +433,78 @@ bool ModelChecker::process_write(ModelAction *curr)
        return updated_mod_order || updated_promises;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Initialize the current action by performing one or more of the following
+ * actions, as appropriate: merging RMWR and RMWC/RMW actions, stepping forward
+ * in the NodeStack, manipulating backtracking sets, allocating and
+ * initializing clock vectors, and computing the promises to fulfill.
+ *
+ * @param curr The current action, as passed from the user context; may be
+ * freed/invalidated after the execution of this function
+ * @return The current action, as processed by the ModelChecker. Is only the
+ * same as the parameter @a curr if this is a newly-explored action.
+ */
+ModelAction * ModelChecker::initialize_curr_action(ModelAction *curr)
+{
+       ModelAction *newcurr;
+
+       if (curr->is_rmwc() || curr->is_rmw()) {
+               newcurr = process_rmw(curr);
+               delete curr;
+               compute_promises(newcurr);
+               return newcurr;
+       }
+
+       newcurr = node_stack->explore_action(curr, scheduler->get_enabled());
+       if (newcurr) {
+               /* First restore type and order in case of RMW operation */
+               if (curr->is_rmwr())
+                       newcurr->copy_typeandorder(curr);
+
+               ASSERT(curr->get_location() == newcurr->get_location());
+               newcurr->copy_from_new(curr);
+
+               /* Discard duplicate ModelAction; use action from NodeStack */
+               delete curr;
+
+               /* If we have diverged, we need to reset the clock vector. */
+               if (diverge == NULL)
+                       newcurr->create_cv(get_parent_action(newcurr->get_tid()));
+       } else {
+               newcurr = curr;
+               /*
+                * Perform one-time actions when pushing new ModelAction onto
+                * NodeStack
+                */
+               curr->create_cv(get_parent_action(curr->get_tid()));
+               if (curr->is_write())
+                       compute_promises(curr);
+       }
+       return newcurr;
+}
+
+/**
+ * This method checks whether a model action is enabled at the given point.
+ * At this point, it checks whether a lock operation would be successful at this point.
+ * If not, it puts the thread in a waiter list.
+ * @param curr is the ModelAction to check whether it is enabled.
+ * @return a bool that indicates whether the action is enabled.
+ */
+
+bool ModelChecker::check_action_enabled(ModelAction *curr) {
+       if (curr->is_lock()) {
+               std::mutex * lock = (std::mutex *)curr->get_location();
+               struct std::mutex_state * state = lock->get_state();
+               if (state->islocked) {
+                       //Stick the action in the appropriate waiting queue
+                       lock_waiters_map->get_safe_ptr(curr->get_location())->push_back(curr);
+                       return false;
+               }
+       }
+
+       return true;
+}
+
 /**
  * This is the heart of the model checker routine. It performs model-checking
  * actions corresponding to a given "current action." Among other processes, it
@@ -359,46 +519,29 @@ bool ModelChecker::process_write(ModelAction *curr)
  */
 Thread * ModelChecker::check_current_action(ModelAction *curr)
 {
-       bool second_part_of_rmw = false;
-
        ASSERT(curr);
 
-       if (curr->is_rmwc() || curr->is_rmw()) {
-               ModelAction *tmp = process_rmw(curr);
-               second_part_of_rmw = true;
-               delete curr;
-               curr = tmp;
-               compute_promises(curr);
-       } else {
-               ModelAction *tmp = node_stack->explore_action(curr, scheduler->get_enabled());
-               if (tmp) {
-                       /* Discard duplicate ModelAction; use action from NodeStack */
-                       /* First restore type and order in case of RMW operation */
-                       if (curr->is_rmwr())
-                               tmp->copy_typeandorder(curr);
-                       
-                       /* If we have diverged, we need to reset the clock vector. */
-                       if (diverge == NULL)
-                               tmp->create_cv(get_parent_action(tmp->get_tid()));
-                       
-                       ASSERT(curr->get_location()==tmp->get_location());
-
-                       delete curr;
-                       curr = tmp;
-               } else {
-                       /*
-                        * Perform one-time actions when pushing new ModelAction onto
-                        * NodeStack
-                        */
-                       curr->create_cv(get_parent_action(curr->get_tid()));
-                       /* Build may_read_from set */
-                       if (curr->is_read())
-                               build_reads_from_past(curr);
-                       if (curr->is_write())
-                               compute_promises(curr);
-               }
+       bool second_part_of_rmw = curr->is_rmwc() || curr->is_rmw();
+
+       if (!check_action_enabled(curr)) {
+               //we'll make the execution look like we chose to run this action
+               //much later...when a lock is actually available to relese
+               get_current_thread()->set_pending(curr);
+               remove_thread(get_current_thread());
+               return get_next_thread(NULL);
        }
 
+       ModelAction *newcurr = initialize_curr_action(curr);
+
+       /* Add the action to lists before any other model-checking tasks */
+       if (!second_part_of_rmw)
+               add_action_to_lists(newcurr);
+
+       /* Build may_read_from set for newly-created actions */
+       if (curr == newcurr && curr->is_read())
+               build_reads_from_past(curr);
+       curr = newcurr;
+
        /* Thread specific actions */
        switch (curr->get_type()) {
        case THREAD_CREATE: {
@@ -413,6 +556,8 @@ Thread * ModelChecker::check_current_action(ModelAction *curr)
                if (!blocking->is_complete()) {
                        blocking->push_wait_list(curr);
                        scheduler->sleep(waiting);
+               } else {
+                       do_complete_join(curr);
                }
                break;
        }
@@ -422,6 +567,7 @@ Thread * ModelChecker::check_current_action(ModelAction *curr)
                        ModelAction *act = th->pop_wait_list();
                        Thread *wake = get_thread(act);
                        scheduler->wake(wake);
+                       do_complete_join(act);
                }
                th->complete();
                break;
@@ -450,6 +596,9 @@ Thread * ModelChecker::check_current_action(ModelAction *curr)
                        if (act->is_write() && process_write(act))
                                updated = true;
 
+                       if (act->is_mutex_op())
+                               process_mutex(act);
+
                        if (updated)
                                work_queue.push_back(CheckRelSeqWorkEntry(act->get_location()));
                        break;
@@ -457,18 +606,30 @@ Thread * ModelChecker::check_current_action(ModelAction *curr)
                case WORK_CHECK_RELEASE_SEQ:
                        resolve_release_sequences(work.location, &work_queue);
                        break;
-               case WORK_CHECK_MO_EDGES:
-                       /** @todo Perform follow-up mo_graph checks */
+               case WORK_CHECK_MO_EDGES: {
+                       /** @todo Complete verification of work_queue */
+                       ModelAction *act = work.action;
+                       bool updated = false;
+
+                       if (act->is_read()) {
+                               if (r_modification_order(act, act->get_reads_from()))
+                                       updated = true;
+                       }
+                       if (act->is_write()) {
+                               if (w_modification_order(act))
+                                       updated = true;
+                       }
+
+                       if (updated)
+                               work_queue.push_back(CheckRelSeqWorkEntry(act->get_location()));
+                       break;
+               }
                default:
                        ASSERT(false);
                        break;
                }
        }
 
-       /* Add action to list.  */
-       if (!second_part_of_rmw)
-               add_action_to_lists(curr);
-
        check_curr_backtracking(curr);
 
        set_backtracking(curr);
@@ -476,6 +637,19 @@ Thread * ModelChecker::check_current_action(ModelAction *curr)
        return get_next_thread(curr);
 }
 
+/**
+ * Complete a THREAD_JOIN operation, by synchronizing with the THREAD_FINISH
+ * operation from the Thread it is joining with. Must be called after the
+ * completion of the Thread in question.
+ * @param join The THREAD_JOIN action
+ */
+void ModelChecker::do_complete_join(ModelAction *join)
+{
+       Thread *blocking = (Thread *)join->get_location();
+       ModelAction *act = get_last_action(blocking->get_id());
+       join->synchronize_with(act);
+}
+
 void ModelChecker::check_curr_backtracking(ModelAction * curr) {
        Node *currnode = curr->get_node();
        Node *parnode = currnode->get_parent();
@@ -500,25 +674,38 @@ bool ModelChecker::promises_expired() {
        return false;
 }
 
-/** @returns whether the current partial trace must be a prefix of a
+/** @return whether the current partial trace must be a prefix of a
  * feasible trace. */
 bool ModelChecker::isfeasibleprefix() {
        return promises->size() == 0 && *lazy_sync_size == 0;
 }
 
-/** @returns whether the current partial trace is feasible. */
+/** @return whether the current partial trace is feasible. */
 bool ModelChecker::isfeasible() {
        return !mo_graph->checkForRMWViolation() && isfeasibleotherthanRMW();
 }
 
-/** @returns whether the current partial trace is feasible other than
+/** @return whether the current partial trace is feasible other than
  * multiple RMW reading from the same store. */
 bool ModelChecker::isfeasibleotherthanRMW() {
+       if (DBG_ENABLED()) {
+               if (mo_graph->checkForCycles())
+                       DEBUG("Infeasible: modification order cycles\n");
+               if (failed_promise)
+                       DEBUG("Infeasible: failed promise\n");
+               if (too_many_reads)
+                       DEBUG("Infeasible: too many reads\n");
+               if (promises_expired())
+                       DEBUG("Infeasible: promises expired\n");
+       }
        return !mo_graph->checkForCycles() && !failed_promise && !too_many_reads && !promises_expired();
 }
 
 /** Returns whether the current completed trace is feasible. */
 bool ModelChecker::isfinalfeasible() {
+       if (DBG_ENABLED() && promises->size() != 0)
+               DEBUG("Infeasible: unrevolved promises\n");
+
        return isfeasible() && promises->size() == 0;
 }
 
@@ -545,7 +732,7 @@ ModelAction * ModelChecker::process_rmw(ModelAction *act) {
  *
  * If so, we decide that the execution is no longer feasible.
  */
-void ModelChecker::check_recency(ModelAction *curr, bool already_added) {
+void ModelChecker::check_recency(ModelAction *curr) {
        if (params.maxreads != 0) {
                if (curr->get_node()->get_read_from_size() <= 1)
                        return;
@@ -566,12 +753,10 @@ void ModelChecker::check_recency(ModelAction *curr, bool already_added) {
 
                action_list_t::reverse_iterator rit = list->rbegin();
                /* Skip past curr */
-               if (already_added) {
-                       for (; (*rit) != curr; rit++)
-                               ;
-                       /* go past curr now */
-                       rit++;
-               }
+               for (; (*rit) != curr; rit++)
+                       ;
+               /* go past curr now */
+               rit++;
 
                action_list_t::reverse_iterator ritcopy = rit;
                //See if we have enough reads from the same value
@@ -632,7 +817,7 @@ void ModelChecker::check_recency(ModelAction *curr, bool already_added) {
 
 /**
  * Updates the mo_graph with the constraints imposed from the current
- * read.  
+ * read.
  *
  * Basic idea is the following: Go through each other thread and find
  * the lastest action that happened before our read.  Two cases:
@@ -662,10 +847,13 @@ bool ModelChecker::r_modification_order(ModelAction *curr, const ModelAction *rf
                for (rit = list->rbegin(); rit != list->rend(); rit++) {
                        ModelAction *act = *rit;
 
-                       /* Include at most one act per-thread that "happens before" curr */
-                       if (act->happens_before(curr)) {
+                       /*
+                        * Include at most one act per-thread that "happens
+                        * before" curr. Don't consider reflexively.
+                        */
+                       if (act->happens_before(curr) && act != curr) {
                                if (act->is_write()) {
-                                       if (rf != act && act != curr) {
+                                       if (rf != act) {
                                                mo_graph->addEdge(act, rf);
                                                added = true;
                                        }
@@ -676,7 +864,6 @@ bool ModelChecker::r_modification_order(ModelAction *curr, const ModelAction *rf
                                                added = true;
                                        }
                                }
-
                                break;
                        }
                }
@@ -689,7 +876,7 @@ bool ModelChecker::r_modification_order(ModelAction *curr, const ModelAction *rf
  *  promises.  The basic problem is that actions that occur after the
  *  read curr could not property add items to the modification order
  *  for our read.
- *  
+ *
  *  So for each thread, we find the earliest item that happens after
  *  the read curr.  This is the item we have to fix up with additional
  *  constraints.  If that action is write, we add a MO edge between
@@ -769,7 +956,7 @@ bool ModelChecker::w_modification_order(ModelAction *curr)
        if (curr->is_seqcst()) {
                /* We have to at least see the last sequentially consistent write,
                         so we are initialized. */
-               ModelAction *last_seq_cst = get_last_seq_cst(curr->get_location());
+               ModelAction *last_seq_cst = get_last_seq_cst(curr);
                if (last_seq_cst != NULL) {
                        mo_graph->addEdge(last_seq_cst, curr);
                        added = true;
@@ -783,8 +970,23 @@ bool ModelChecker::w_modification_order(ModelAction *curr)
                action_list_t::reverse_iterator rit;
                for (rit = list->rbegin(); rit != list->rend(); rit++) {
                        ModelAction *act = *rit;
+                       if (act == curr) {
+                               /*
+                                * If RMW, we already have all relevant edges,
+                                * so just skip to next thread.
+                                * If normal write, we need to look at earlier
+                                * actions, so continue processing list.
+                                */
+                               if (curr->is_rmw())
+                                       break;
+                               else
+                                       continue;
+                       }
 
-                       /* Include at most one act per-thread that "happens before" curr */
+                       /*
+                        * Include at most one act per-thread that "happens
+                        * before" curr
+                        */
                        if (act->happens_before(curr)) {
                                /*
                                 * Note: if act is RMW, just add edge:
@@ -792,11 +994,9 @@ bool ModelChecker::w_modification_order(ModelAction *curr)
                                 * The following edge should be handled elsewhere:
                                 *   readfrom(act) --mo--> act
                                 */
-                               if (act->is_write()) {
-                                       //RMW shouldn't have an edge to themselves
-                                       if (act!=curr)
-                                               mo_graph->addEdge(act, curr);
-                               } else if (act->is_read() && act->get_reads_from() != NULL)
+                               if (act->is_write())
+                                       mo_graph->addEdge(act, curr);
+                               else if (act->is_read() && act->get_reads_from() != NULL)
                                        mo_graph->addEdge(act->get_reads_from(), curr);
                                added = true;
                                break;
@@ -812,7 +1012,7 @@ bool ModelChecker::w_modification_order(ModelAction *curr)
                                 */
                                if (thin_air_constraint_may_allow(curr, act)) {
                                        if (isfeasible() ||
-                                                       (curr->is_rmw() && act->is_rmw() && curr->get_reads_from()==act->get_reads_from() && isfeasibleotherthanRMW())) {
+                                                       (curr->is_rmw() && act->is_rmw() && curr->get_reads_from() == act->get_reads_from() && isfeasibleotherthanRMW())) {
                                                struct PendingFutureValue pfv = {curr->get_value(),curr->get_seq_number()+params.maxfuturedelay,act};
                                                futurevalues->push_back(pfv);
                                        }
@@ -836,7 +1036,7 @@ bool ModelChecker::thin_air_constraint_may_allow(const ModelAction * writer, con
                return true;
 
        for (const ModelAction *search = writer->get_reads_from(); search != NULL; search = search->get_reads_from()) {
-               if (search==reader)
+               if (search == reader)
                        return false;
                if (search->get_tid() == reader->get_tid() &&
                                search->happens_before(reader))
@@ -867,8 +1067,7 @@ bool ModelChecker::thin_air_constraint_may_allow(const ModelAction * writer, con
  * @return true, if the ModelChecker is certain that release_heads is complete;
  * false otherwise
  */
-bool ModelChecker::release_seq_head(const ModelAction *rf,
-                std::vector< const ModelAction *, MyAlloc<const ModelAction *> > *release_heads) const
+bool ModelChecker::release_seq_head(const ModelAction *rf, rel_heads_list_t *release_heads) const
 {
        if (!rf) {
                /* read from future: need to settle this later */
@@ -924,10 +1123,12 @@ bool ModelChecker::release_seq_head(const ModelAction *rf,
                 * the release seq? */
                bool future_ordered = false;
 
+               ModelAction *last = get_last_action(int_to_id(i));
+               if (last && rf->happens_before(last))
+                       future_ordered = true;
+
                for (rit = list->rbegin(); rit != list->rend(); rit++) {
                        const ModelAction *act = *rit;
-                       if (!act->is_write())
-                               continue;
                        /* Reach synchronization -> this thread is complete */
                        if (act->happens_before(release))
                                break;
@@ -936,6 +1137,10 @@ bool ModelChecker::release_seq_head(const ModelAction *rf,
                                continue;
                        }
 
+                       /* Only writes can break release sequences */
+                       if (!act->is_write())
+                               continue;
+
                        /* Check modification order */
                        if (mo_graph->checkReachable(rf, act)) {
                                /* rf --mo--> act */
@@ -973,15 +1178,14 @@ bool ModelChecker::release_seq_head(const ModelAction *rf,
  * with the head(s) of the release sequence(s), if they exists with certainty.
  * @see ModelChecker::release_seq_head
  */
-void ModelChecker::get_release_seq_heads(ModelAction *act,
-                std::vector< const ModelAction *, MyAlloc<const ModelAction *> > *release_heads)
+void ModelChecker::get_release_seq_heads(ModelAction *act, rel_heads_list_t *release_heads)
 {
        const ModelAction *rf = act->get_reads_from();
        bool complete;
        complete = release_seq_head(rf, release_heads);
        if (!complete) {
                /* add act to 'lazy checking' list */
-               std::list<ModelAction *> *list;
+               action_list_t *list;
                list = lazy_sync_with_release->get_safe_ptr(act->get_location());
                list->push_back(act);
                (*lazy_sync_size)++;
@@ -1003,17 +1207,17 @@ void ModelChecker::get_release_seq_heads(ModelAction *act,
  */
 bool ModelChecker::resolve_release_sequences(void *location, work_queue_t *work_queue)
 {
-       std::list<ModelAction *> *list;
+       action_list_t *list;
        list = lazy_sync_with_release->getptr(location);
        if (!list)
                return false;
 
        bool updated = false;
-       std::list<ModelAction *>::iterator it = list->begin();
+       action_list_t::iterator it = list->begin();
        while (it != list->end()) {
                ModelAction *act = *it;
                const ModelAction *rf = act->get_reads_from();
-               std::vector< const ModelAction *, MyAlloc<const ModelAction *> > release_heads;
+               rel_heads_list_t release_heads;
                bool complete;
                complete = release_seq_head(rf, &release_heads);
                for (unsigned int i = 0; i < release_heads.size(); i++) {
@@ -1077,27 +1281,56 @@ void ModelChecker::add_action_to_lists(ModelAction *act)
        (*thrd_last_action)[tid] = act;
 }
 
-ModelAction * ModelChecker::get_last_action(thread_id_t tid)
+/**
+ * @brief Get the last action performed by a particular Thread
+ * @param tid The thread ID of the Thread in question
+ * @return The last action in the thread
+ */
+ModelAction * ModelChecker::get_last_action(thread_id_t tid) const
 {
-       int nthreads = get_num_threads();
-       if ((int)thrd_last_action->size() < nthreads)
-               thrd_last_action->resize(nthreads);
-       return (*thrd_last_action)[id_to_int(tid)];
+       int threadid = id_to_int(tid);
+       if (threadid < (int)thrd_last_action->size())
+               return (*thrd_last_action)[id_to_int(tid)];
+       else
+               return NULL;
 }
 
 /**
- * Gets the last memory_order_seq_cst action (in the total global sequence)
- * performed on a particular object (i.e., memory location).
- * @param location The object location to check
- * @return The last seq_cst action performed
+ * Gets the last memory_order_seq_cst write (in the total global sequence)
+ * performed on a particular object (i.e., memory location), not including the
+ * current action.
+ * @param curr The current ModelAction; also denotes the object location to
+ * check
+ * @return The last seq_cst write
  */
-ModelAction * ModelChecker::get_last_seq_cst(const void *location)
+ModelAction * ModelChecker::get_last_seq_cst(ModelAction *curr) const
 {
+       void *location = curr->get_location();
        action_list_t *list = obj_map->get_safe_ptr(location);
        /* Find: max({i in dom(S) | seq_cst(t_i) && isWrite(t_i) && samevar(t_i, t)}) */
        action_list_t::reverse_iterator rit;
        for (rit = list->rbegin(); rit != list->rend(); rit++)
-               if ((*rit)->is_write() && (*rit)->is_seqcst())
+               if ((*rit)->is_write() && (*rit)->is_seqcst() && (*rit) != curr)
+                       return *rit;
+       return NULL;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Gets the last unlock operation performed on a particular mutex (i.e., memory
+ * location). This function identifies the mutex according to the current
+ * action, which is presumed to perform on the same mutex.
+ * @param curr The current ModelAction; also denotes the object location to
+ * check
+ * @return The last unlock operation
+ */
+ModelAction * ModelChecker::get_last_unlock(ModelAction *curr) const
+{
+       void *location = curr->get_location();
+       action_list_t *list = obj_map->get_safe_ptr(location);
+       /* Find: max({i in dom(S) | isUnlock(t_i) && samevar(t_i, t)}) */
+       action_list_t::reverse_iterator rit;
+       for (rit = list->rbegin(); rit != list->rend(); rit++)
+               if ((*rit)->is_unlock())
                        return *rit;
        return NULL;
 }
@@ -1211,7 +1444,7 @@ void ModelChecker::build_reads_from_past(ModelAction *curr)
        bool initialized = false;
 
        if (curr->is_seqcst()) {
-               last_seq_cst = get_last_seq_cst(curr->get_location());
+               last_seq_cst = get_last_seq_cst(curr);
                /* We have to at least see the last sequentially consistent write,
                         so we are initialized. */
                if (last_seq_cst != NULL)
@@ -1227,11 +1460,11 @@ void ModelChecker::build_reads_from_past(ModelAction *curr)
                        ModelAction *act = *rit;
 
                        /* Only consider 'write' actions */
-                       if (!act->is_write())
+                       if (!act->is_write() || act == curr)
                                continue;
 
                        /* Don't consider more than one seq_cst write if we are a seq_cst read. */
-                       if (!curr->is_seqcst()|| (!act->is_seqcst() && (last_seq_cst==NULL||!act->happens_before(last_seq_cst))) || act == last_seq_cst) {
+                       if (!curr->is_seqcst() || (!act->is_seqcst() && (last_seq_cst == NULL || !act->happens_before(last_seq_cst))) || act == last_seq_cst) {
                                DEBUG("Adding action to may_read_from:\n");
                                if (DBG_ENABLED()) {
                                        act->print();
@@ -1287,7 +1520,7 @@ void ModelChecker::print_summary()
 #if SUPPORT_MOD_ORDER_DUMP
        scheduler->print();
        char buffername[100];
-       sprintf(buffername, "exec%u",num_executions);
+       sprintf(buffername, "exec%04u", num_executions);
        mo_graph->dumpGraphToFile(buffername);
 #endif
 
@@ -1308,6 +1541,11 @@ void ModelChecker::add_thread(Thread *t)
        scheduler->add_thread(t);
 }
 
+/**
+ * Removes a thread from the scheduler. 
+ * @param the thread to remove.
+ */
+
 void ModelChecker::remove_thread(Thread *t)
 {
        scheduler->remove_thread(t);
@@ -1364,6 +1602,15 @@ bool ModelChecker::take_step() {
        /* next == NULL -> don't take any more steps */
        if (!next)
                return false;
+
+       if ( next->get_pending() != NULL ) {
+               //restart a pending action
+               set_current_action(next->get_pending());
+               next->set_pending(NULL);
+               next->set_state(THREAD_READY);
+               return true;
+       }
+
        /* Return false only if swap fails with an error */
        return (Thread::swap(&system_context, next) == 0);
 }