Complete the transfer of deletions of some actions
[c11tester.git] / funcnode.cc
index 188ed173c3c0bfda3bc60fad06c7d781fc4f5fbc..691b2f6924a9f4427f9720f90d439390fb65cb28 100644 (file)
@@ -1,19 +1,61 @@
+#include "action.h"
+#include "history.h"
 #include "funcnode.h"
+#include "funcinst.h"
+#include "predicate.h"
+#include "concretepredicate.h"
 
-FuncNode::FuncNode() :
-       predicate_tree_initialized(false),
-       predicate_tree_entry(new Predicate(NULL, true)),
+#include "model.h"
+#include <cmath>
+
+FuncNode::FuncNode(ModelHistory * history) :
+       history(history),
+       exit_count(0),
+       marker(1),
        func_inst_map(),
        inst_list(),
        entry_insts(),
-       thrd_read_map()
-{}
+       inst_pred_map(128),
+       inst_id_map(128),
+       loc_act_map(128),
+       predicate_tree_position(),
+       predicate_leaves(),
+       leaves_tmp_storage(),
+       weight_debug_vec(),
+       failed_predicates(),
+       edge_table(32),
+       out_edges()
+{
+       predicate_tree_entry = new Predicate(NULL, true);
+       predicate_tree_entry->add_predicate_expr(NOPREDICATE, NULL, true);
+
+       predicate_tree_exit = new Predicate(NULL, false, true);
+       predicate_tree_exit->set_depth(MAX_DEPTH);
+
+       /* Snapshot data structures below */
+       action_list_buffer = new SnapList<action_list_t *>();
+       read_locations = new loc_set_t();
+       write_locations = new loc_set_t();
+       val_loc_map = new HashTable<uint64_t, loc_set_t *, uint64_t, 0, snapshot_malloc, snapshot_calloc, snapshot_free, int64_hash>();
+       loc_may_equal_map = new HashTable<void *, loc_set_t *, uintptr_t, 0>();
+
+       //values_may_read_from = new value_set_t();
+}
+
+/* Reallocate snapshotted memories when new executions start */
+void FuncNode::set_new_exec_flag()
+{
+       action_list_buffer = new SnapList<action_list_t *>();
+       read_locations = new loc_set_t();
+       write_locations = new loc_set_t();
+       val_loc_map = new HashTable<uint64_t, loc_set_t *, uint64_t, 0, snapshot_malloc, snapshot_calloc, snapshot_free, int64_hash>();
+       loc_may_equal_map = new HashTable<void *, loc_set_t *, uintptr_t, 0>();
+
+       //values_may_read_from = new value_set_t();
+}
 
 /* Check whether FuncInst with the same type, position, and location
  * as act has been added to func_inst_map or not. If not, add it.
- *
- * Note: currently, actions with the same position are filtered out by process_action,
- * so the collision list of FuncInst is not used. May remove it later. 
  */
 void FuncNode::add_inst(ModelAction *act)
 {
@@ -26,30 +68,54 @@ void FuncNode::add_inst(ModelAction *act)
        if (position == NULL)
                return;
 
-       if ( func_inst_map.contains(position) ) {
-               FuncInst * inst = func_inst_map.get(position);
+       FuncInst * func_inst = func_inst_map.get(position);
 
-               if (inst->get_type() != act->get_type() ) {
-                       // model_print("action with a different type occurs at line number %s\n", position);
-                       FuncInst * func_inst = inst->search_in_collision(act);
+       /* This position has not been inserted into hashtable before */
+       if (func_inst == NULL) {
+               func_inst = create_new_inst(act);
+               func_inst_map.put(position, func_inst);
+               return;
+       }
 
-                       if (func_inst != NULL)
-                               return;
+       /* Volatile variables that use ++ or -- syntax may result in read and write actions with the same position */
+       if (func_inst->get_type() != act->get_type()) {
+               FuncInst * collision_inst = func_inst->search_in_collision(act);
 
-                       func_inst = new FuncInst(act, this);
-                       inst->get_collisions()->push_back(func_inst);
-                       inst_list.push_back(func_inst); // delete?
+               if (collision_inst == NULL) {
+                       collision_inst = create_new_inst(act);
+                       func_inst->add_to_collision(collision_inst);
+                       return;
+               } else {
+                       func_inst = collision_inst;
                }
+       }
 
-               return;
+       ASSERT(func_inst->get_type() == act->get_type());
+       int curr_execution_number = model->get_execution_number();
+
+       /* Reset locations when new executions start */
+       if (func_inst->get_execution_number() != curr_execution_number) {
+               func_inst->set_location(act->get_location());
+               func_inst->set_execution_number(curr_execution_number);
        }
 
+       /* Mark the memory location of such inst as not unique */
+       if (func_inst->get_location() != act->get_location())
+               func_inst->not_single_location();
+}
+
+FuncInst * FuncNode::create_new_inst(ModelAction * act)
+{
        FuncInst * func_inst = new FuncInst(act, this);
+       int exec_num = model->get_execution_number();
+       func_inst->set_execution_number(exec_num);
 
-       func_inst_map.put(position, func_inst);
        inst_list.push_back(func_inst);
+
+       return func_inst;
 }
 
+
 /* Get the FuncInst with the same type, position, and location
  * as act
  *
@@ -69,19 +135,21 @@ FuncInst * FuncNode::get_inst(ModelAction *act)
        if (inst == NULL)
                return NULL;
 
-//     ASSERT(inst->get_location() == act->get_location());
-
        action_type inst_type = inst->get_type();
        action_type act_type = act->get_type();
 
-       // else if branch: an RMWRCAS action is converted to a RMW or READ action
-       if (inst_type == act_type)
+       if (inst_type == act_type) {
                return inst;
+       }
+       /* RMWRCAS actions are converted to RMW or READ actions */
        else if (inst_type == ATOMIC_RMWRCAS &&
-                       (act_type == ATOMIC_RMW || act_type == ATOMIC_READ))
+                                        (act_type == ATOMIC_RMW || act_type == ATOMIC_READ)) {
                return inst;
-
-       return NULL;
+       }
+       /* Return the FuncInst in the collision list */
+       else {
+               return inst->search_in_collision(act);
+       }
 }
 
 
@@ -91,7 +159,7 @@ void FuncNode::add_entry_inst(FuncInst * inst)
                return;
 
        mllnode<FuncInst *> * it;
-       for (it = entry_insts.begin(); it != NULL; it = it->getNext()) {
+       for (it = entry_insts.begin();it != NULL;it = it->getNext()) {
                if (inst == it->getVal())
                        return;
        }
@@ -100,41 +168,138 @@ void FuncNode::add_entry_inst(FuncInst * inst)
 }
 
 /**
- * @brief Convert ModelAdtion list to FuncInst list 
+ * @brief Convert ModelAdtion list to FuncInst list
  * @param act_list A list of ModelActions
  */
 void FuncNode::update_tree(action_list_t * act_list)
 {
-       if (act_list == NULL)
-               return;
-       else if (act_list->size() == 0)
+       if (act_list == NULL || act_list->size() == 0)
                return;
 
+       HashTable<void *, value_set_t *, uintptr_t, 0> * write_history = history->getWriteHistory();
+       HashSet<ModelAction *, uintptr_t, 2> write_actions;
+
        /* build inst_list from act_list for later processing */
        func_inst_list_t inst_list;
-       action_list_t read_act_list;
+       action_list_t rw_act_list;
 
-       for (sllnode<ModelAction *> * it = act_list->begin(); it != NULL; it = it->getNext()) {
+       for (sllnode<ModelAction *> * it = act_list->begin();it != NULL;it = it->getNext()) {
                ModelAction * act = it->getVal();
+
+               // Use the original action type and decrement ref count
+               // so that actions may be deleted by Execution::collectActions
+               if (act->get_original_type() != ATOMIC_NOP && act->get_swap_flag() == false)
+                       act->use_original_type();
+
+               act->decr_read_ref_count();
+
+               if (act->is_read()) {
+                       // For every read or rmw actions in this list, the reads_from was marked, and not deleted.
+                       // So it is safe to call get_reads_from
+                       ModelAction * rf = act->get_reads_from();
+                       if (rf->get_original_type() != ATOMIC_NOP && rf->get_swap_flag() == false)
+                               rf->use_original_type();
+
+                       rf->decr_read_ref_count();
+               }
+
                FuncInst * func_inst = get_inst(act);
+               void * loc = act->get_location();
 
                if (func_inst == NULL)
                        continue;
 
                inst_list.push_back(func_inst);
+               bool act_added = false;
+
+               if (act->is_write()) {
+                       rw_act_list.push_back(act);
+                       act_added = true;
+                       if (!write_locations->contains(loc)) {
+                               write_locations->add(loc);
+                               history->update_loc_wr_func_nodes_map(loc, this);
+                       }
+               }
 
-//             model_print("position: %s ", act->get_position());
-//             act->print();
-
-               if (func_inst->is_read())
-                       read_act_list.push_back(act);
+               if (act->is_read()) {
+                       if (!act_added)
+                               rw_act_list.push_back(act);
+
+                       /* If func_inst may only read_from a single location, then:
+                        *
+                        * The first time an action reads from some location,
+                        * import all the values that have been written to this
+                        * location from ModelHistory and notify ModelHistory
+                        * that this FuncNode may read from this location.
+                        */
+                       if (!read_locations->contains(loc) && func_inst->is_single_location()) {
+                               read_locations->add(loc);
+                               value_set_t * write_values = write_history->get(loc);
+                               add_to_val_loc_map(write_values, loc);
+                               history->update_loc_rd_func_nodes_map(loc, this);
+                       }
+               }
        }
 
        update_inst_tree(&inst_list);
-       update_predicate_tree(&read_act_list);
+       update_predicate_tree(&rw_act_list);
+
+       // Revert back action types and free
+       for (sllnode<ModelAction *> * it = act_list->begin(); it != NULL;) {
+               ModelAction * act = it->getVal();
+               // Do iteration early in case we delete read actions
+               it = it->getNext();
+
+               // Collect write actions and reads_froms
+               if (act->is_read()) {
+                       if (act->is_rmw()) {
+                               write_actions.add(act);
+                       }
+
+                       ModelAction * rf = act->get_reads_from();
+                       write_actions.add(rf);
+               } else if (act->is_write()) {
+                       write_actions.add(act);
+               }
+
+               // Revert back action types
+               if (act->is_read()) {
+                       ModelAction * rf = act->get_reads_from();
+                       if (rf->get_swap_flag() == true)
+                               rf->use_original_type();
+               }
+
+               if (act->get_swap_flag() == true)
+                       act->use_original_type();
+
+               //  Free read actions
+               if (act->is_read()) {
+                       if (act->is_rmw()) {
+                               // Do nothing. Its reads_from can not be READY_FREE
+                       } else {
+                               ModelAction *rf = act->get_reads_from();
+                               if (rf->is_free()) {
+                                       model_print("delete read %d; %p\n", act->get_seq_number(), act);
+                                       delete act;
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       // Free write actions if possible
+       HSIterator<ModelAction *, uintptr_t, 2> * it = write_actions.iterator();
+       while (it->hasNext()) {
+               ModelAction * act = it->next();
+
+               if (act->is_free() && act->get_read_ref_count() == 0)
+                       delete act;
+       }
+       delete it;
+
+//     print_predicate_tree();
 }
 
-/** 
+/**
  * @brief Link FuncInsts in inst_list  - add one FuncInst to another's predecessors and successors
  * @param inst_list A list of FuncInsts
  */
@@ -167,219 +332,680 @@ void FuncNode::update_inst_tree(func_inst_list_t * inst_list)
        }
 }
 
-/* @param tid thread id
- * Store the values read by atomic read actions into thrd_read_map */
-void FuncNode::store_read(ModelAction * act, uint32_t tid)
-{
-       ASSERT(act);
-
-       void * location = act->get_location();
-       uint64_t read_from_val = act->get_reads_from_value();
-
-       /* resize and initialize */
-       uint32_t old_size = thrd_read_map.size();
-       if (old_size <= tid) {
-               thrd_read_map.resize(tid + 1);
-               for (uint32_t i = old_size; i < tid + 1;i++)
-                       thrd_read_map[i] = new read_map_t();
-       }
-
-       read_map_t * read_map = thrd_read_map[tid];
-       read_map->put(location, read_from_val);
-
-       /* Store the memory locations where atomic reads happen */
-       // read_locations.add(location);
-}
-
-uint64_t FuncNode::query_last_read(void * location, uint32_t tid)
-{
-       if (thrd_read_map.size() <= tid)
-               return VALUE_NONE;
-
-       read_map_t * read_map = thrd_read_map[tid];
-
-       /* last read value not found */
-       if ( !read_map->contains(location) )
-               return VALUE_NONE;
-
-       uint64_t read_val = read_map->get(location);
-       return read_val;
-}
-
-/* @param tid thread id
- * Reset read map for a thread. This function shall only be called
- * when a thread exits a function
- */
-void FuncNode::clear_read_map(uint32_t tid)
-{
-       if (thrd_read_map.size() <= tid)
-               return;
-
-       thrd_read_map[tid]->reset();
-}
-
 void FuncNode::update_predicate_tree(action_list_t * act_list)
 {
        if (act_list == NULL || act_list->size() == 0)
                return;
-/*
-       if (predicate_tree_initialized) {
-               return;
-       }
-       predicate_tree_initialized = true;
-*/
-       /* map a FuncInst to the parent of its predicate */
-       HashTable<FuncInst *, Predicate *, uintptr_t, 0> inst_pred_map(128);
-       HashTable<void *, ModelAction *, uintptr_t, 0> loc_act_map(128);
+
+       incr_marker();
+       uint32_t inst_counter = 0;
+
+       // Clear hashtables
+       loc_act_map.reset();
+       inst_pred_map.reset();
+       inst_id_map.reset();
+
+       // Clear the set of leaves encountered in this path
+       leaves_tmp_storage.clear();
 
        sllnode<ModelAction *> *it = act_list->begin();
        Predicate * curr_pred = predicate_tree_entry;
-
        while (it != NULL) {
                ModelAction * next_act = it->getVal();
                FuncInst * next_inst = get_inst(next_act);
-               Predicate * old_pred = curr_pred;
+               next_inst->set_associated_act(next_act, marker);
 
-               bool branch_found = follow_branch(&curr_pred, next_inst, next_act, &loc_act_map);
+               Predicate * unset_predicate = NULL;
+               bool branch_found = follow_branch(&curr_pred, next_inst, next_act, &unset_predicate);
 
-               // check back edges
-               if (!branch_found) {
-                       Predicate * back_pred = curr_pred->get_backedge();
-                       if (back_pred != NULL) {
-                               curr_pred = back_pred;
+               // A branch with unset predicate expression is detected
+               if (!branch_found && unset_predicate != NULL) {
+                       bool amended = amend_predicate_expr(curr_pred, next_inst, next_act);
+                       if (amended)
                                continue;
+                       else {
+                               curr_pred = unset_predicate;
+                               branch_found = true;
                        }
+               }
+
+               // Detect loops
+               if (!branch_found && inst_id_map.contains(next_inst)) {
+                       FuncInst * curr_inst = curr_pred->get_func_inst();
+                       uint32_t curr_id = inst_id_map.get(curr_inst);
+                       uint32_t next_id = inst_id_map.get(next_inst);
+
+                       if (curr_id >= next_id) {
+                               Predicate * old_pred = inst_pred_map.get(next_inst);
+                               Predicate * back_pred = old_pred->get_parent();
+
+                               // For updating weights
+                               leaves_tmp_storage.push_back(curr_pred);
 
-                       if (inst_pred_map.contains(next_inst)) {
-                               back_pred = inst_pred_map.get(next_inst);
-                               curr_pred->set_backedge(back_pred);
+                               // Add to the set of backedges
+                               curr_pred->add_backedge(back_pred);
                                curr_pred = back_pred;
                                continue;
                        }
                }
 
-               if (!inst_pred_map.contains(next_inst))
-                       inst_pred_map.put(next_inst, old_pred);
-
+               // Generate new branches
                if (!branch_found) {
-                       if ( loc_act_map.contains(next_act->get_location()) ) {
-                               Predicate * new_pred1 = new Predicate(next_inst);
-                               new_pred1->add_predicate(EQUALITY, next_act->get_location(), true);
-
-                               Predicate * new_pred2 = new Predicate(next_inst);
-                               new_pred2->add_predicate(EQUALITY, next_act->get_location(), false);
-
-                               curr_pred->add_child(new_pred1);
-                               curr_pred->add_child(new_pred2);
-                               //new_pred1->add_parent(curr_pred);
-                               //new_pred2->add_parent(curr_pred);
-
-                               ModelAction * last_act = loc_act_map.get(next_act->get_location());
-                               uint64_t last_read = last_act->get_reads_from_value();
-                               uint64_t next_read = next_act->get_reads_from_value();
-
-                               if ( last_read == next_read )
-                                       curr_pred = new_pred1;
-                               else
-                                       curr_pred = new_pred2;
-                       } else {
-                               Predicate * new_pred = new Predicate(next_inst);
-                               curr_pred->add_child(new_pred);
-                               //new_pred->add_parent(curr_pred);
+                       SnapVector<struct half_pred_expr *> half_pred_expressions;
+                       infer_predicates(next_inst, next_act, &half_pred_expressions);
+                       generate_predicates(curr_pred, next_inst, &half_pred_expressions);
+                       continue;
+               }
 
-                               curr_pred = new_pred;
-                       }
+               if (next_act->is_write())
+                       curr_pred->set_write(true);
+
+               if (next_act->is_read()) {
+                       /* Only need to store the locations of read actions */
+                       loc_act_map.put(next_act->get_location(), next_act);
                }
 
-               loc_act_map.put(next_act->get_location(), next_act);
+               inst_pred_map.put(next_inst, curr_pred);
+               if (!inst_id_map.contains(next_inst))
+                       inst_id_map.put(next_inst, inst_counter++);
+
                it = it->getNext();
+               curr_pred->incr_expl_count();
        }
 
-//     model_print("function %s\n", func_name);
-//     print_predicate_tree();
+       if (curr_pred->get_exit() == NULL) {
+               // Exit predicate is unset yet
+               curr_pred->set_exit(predicate_tree_exit);
+       }
+
+       leaves_tmp_storage.push_back(curr_pred);
+       update_predicate_tree_weight();
 }
 
-/* Given curr_pred and next_inst, find the branch following curr_pred that contains next_inst and the correct predicate
+/* Given curr_pred and next_inst, find the branch following curr_pred that
+ * contains next_inst and the correct predicate.
  * @return true if branch found, false otherwise.
  */
-bool FuncNode::follow_branch(Predicate ** curr_pred, FuncInst * next_inst, ModelAction * next_act,
-       HashTable<void *, ModelAction *, uintptr_t, 0> * loc_act_map)
+bool FuncNode::follow_branch(Predicate ** curr_pred, FuncInst * next_inst,
+                                                                                                                ModelAction * next_act, Predicate ** unset_predicate)
 {
-       /* check if a branch with func_inst and corresponding predicate exists */
+       /* Check if a branch with func_inst and corresponding predicate exists */
        bool branch_found = false;
        ModelVector<Predicate *> * branches = (*curr_pred)->get_children();
-       for (uint i = 0; i < branches->size(); i++) {
+       for (uint i = 0;i < branches->size();i++) {
                Predicate * branch = (*branches)[i];
                if (branch->get_func_inst() != next_inst)
                        continue;
 
+               /* Check against predicate expressions */
+               bool predicate_correct = true;
                PredExprSet * pred_expressions = branch->get_pred_expressions();
 
-               /* no predicate, follow the only branch */
+               /* Only read and rmw actions my have unset predicate expressions */
                if (pred_expressions->getSize() == 0) {
-//                     model_print("no predicate exists: "); next_inst->print();
-                       *curr_pred = branch;
-                       branch_found = true;
-                       break;
+                       predicate_correct = false;
+                       if (*unset_predicate == NULL)
+                               *unset_predicate = branch;
+                       else
+                               ASSERT(false);
+
+                       continue;
                }
 
                PredExprSetIter * pred_expr_it = pred_expressions->iterator();
                while (pred_expr_it->hasNext()) {
                        pred_expr * pred_expression = pred_expr_it->next();
                        uint64_t last_read, next_read;
-                       ModelAction * last_act;
                        bool equality;
 
                        switch(pred_expression->token) {
-                               case EQUALITY:
-                                       last_act = loc_act_map->get(next_act->get_location());
-                                       last_read = last_act->get_reads_from_value();
-                                       next_read = next_act->get_reads_from_value();
+                       case NOPREDICATE:
+                               predicate_correct = true;
+                               break;
+                       case EQUALITY:
+                               FuncInst * to_be_compared;
+                               ModelAction * last_act;
+
+                               to_be_compared = pred_expression->func_inst;
+                               last_act = to_be_compared->get_associated_act(marker);
+
+                               last_read = last_act->get_reads_from_value();
+                               next_read = next_act->get_reads_from_value();
+                               equality = (last_read == next_read);
+                               if (equality != pred_expression->value)
+                                       predicate_correct = false;
+
+                               break;
+                       case NULLITY:
+                               next_read = next_act->get_reads_from_value();
+                               // TODO: implement likely to be null
+                               equality = ( (void*) (next_read & 0xffffffff) == NULL);
+                               if (equality != pred_expression->value)
+                                       predicate_correct = false;
+                               break;
+                       default:
+                               predicate_correct = false;
+                               model_print("unkown predicate token\n");
+                               break;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               delete pred_expr_it;
+
+               if (predicate_correct) {
+                       *curr_pred = branch;
+                       branch_found = true;
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
 
-                                       equality = (last_read == next_read);
+       return branch_found;
+}
 
-                                       if (equality == pred_expression->value) {
-                                               *curr_pred = branch;
-//                                             model_print("predicate: token: %d, location: %p, value: %d - ", pred_expression->token, pred_expression->location, pred_expression->value); next_inst->print();
-                                               branch_found = true;
+/* Infer predicate expressions, which are generated in FuncNode::generate_predicates */
+void FuncNode::infer_predicates(FuncInst * next_inst, ModelAction * next_act,
+                                                                                                                               SnapVector<struct half_pred_expr *> * half_pred_expressions)
+{
+       void * loc = next_act->get_location();
+
+       if (next_inst->is_read()) {
+               /* read + rmw */
+               if ( loc_act_map.contains(loc) ) {
+                       ModelAction * last_act = loc_act_map.get(loc);
+                       FuncInst * last_inst = get_inst(last_act);
+                       struct half_pred_expr * expression = new half_pred_expr(EQUALITY, last_inst);
+                       half_pred_expressions->push_back(expression);
+               } else if ( next_inst->is_single_location() ) {
+                       loc_set_t * loc_may_equal = loc_may_equal_map->get(loc);
+
+                       if (loc_may_equal != NULL) {
+                               loc_set_iter * loc_it = loc_may_equal->iterator();
+                               while (loc_it->hasNext()) {
+                                       void * neighbor = loc_it->next();
+                                       if (loc_act_map.contains(neighbor)) {
+                                               ModelAction * last_act = loc_act_map.get(neighbor);
+                                               FuncInst * last_inst = get_inst(last_act);
+
+                                               struct half_pred_expr * expression = new half_pred_expr(EQUALITY, last_inst);
+                                               half_pred_expressions->push_back(expression);
                                        }
-                                       break;
-                               case NULLITY:
-                                       break;
-                               default:
-                                       model_print("unkown predicate token\n");
-                                       break;
+                               }
+
+                               delete loc_it;
+                       }
+               } else {
+                       // next_inst is not single location
+                       uint64_t read_val = next_act->get_reads_from_value();
+
+                       // only infer NULLITY predicate when it is actually NULL.
+                       if ( (void*)read_val == NULL) {
+                               struct half_pred_expr * expression = new half_pred_expr(NULLITY, NULL);
+                               half_pred_expressions->push_back(expression);
                        }
                }
+       } else {
+               /* Pure writes */
+               // TODO: do anything here?
+       }
+}
 
+/* Able to generate complex predicates when there are multiple predciate expressions */
+void FuncNode::generate_predicates(Predicate * curr_pred, FuncInst * next_inst,
+                                                                                                                                        SnapVector<struct half_pred_expr *> * half_pred_expressions)
+{
+       if (half_pred_expressions->size() == 0) {
+               Predicate * new_pred = new Predicate(next_inst);
+               curr_pred->add_child(new_pred);
+               new_pred->set_parent(curr_pred);
+
+               /* Maintain predicate leaves */
+               predicate_leaves.add(new_pred);
+               predicate_leaves.remove(curr_pred);
+
+               /* entry predicates and predicates containing pure write actions
+                * have no predicate expressions */
+               if ( curr_pred->is_entry_predicate() )
+                       new_pred->add_predicate_expr(NOPREDICATE, NULL, true);
+               else if (next_inst->is_write()) {
+                       /* next_inst->is_write() <==> pure writes */
+                       new_pred->add_predicate_expr(NOPREDICATE, NULL, true);
+               }
+
+               return;
        }
 
-       return branch_found;
+       SnapVector<Predicate *> predicates;
+
+       struct half_pred_expr * half_expr = (*half_pred_expressions)[0];
+       predicates.push_back(new Predicate(next_inst));
+       predicates.push_back(new Predicate(next_inst));
+
+       predicates[0]->add_predicate_expr(half_expr->token, half_expr->func_inst, true);
+       predicates[1]->add_predicate_expr(half_expr->token, half_expr->func_inst, false);
+
+       for (uint i = 1;i < half_pred_expressions->size();i++) {
+               half_expr = (*half_pred_expressions)[i];
+
+               uint old_size = predicates.size();
+               for (uint j = 0;j < old_size;j++) {
+                       Predicate * pred = predicates[j];
+                       Predicate * new_pred = new Predicate(next_inst);
+                       new_pred->copy_predicate_expr(pred);
+
+                       pred->add_predicate_expr(half_expr->token, half_expr->func_inst, true);
+                       new_pred->add_predicate_expr(half_expr->token, half_expr->func_inst, false);
+
+                       predicates.push_back(new_pred);
+               }
+       }
+
+       for (uint i = 0;i < predicates.size();i++) {
+               Predicate * pred= predicates[i];
+               curr_pred->add_child(pred);
+               pred->set_parent(curr_pred);
+
+               /* Add new predicate leaves */
+               predicate_leaves.add(pred);
+       }
+
+       /* Remove predicate node that has children */
+       predicate_leaves.remove(curr_pred);
+
+       /* Free memories allocated by infer_predicate */
+       for (uint i = 0;i < half_pred_expressions->size();i++) {
+               struct half_pred_expr * tmp = (*half_pred_expressions)[i];
+               snapshot_free(tmp);
+       }
 }
 
-void FuncNode::print_predicate_tree()
+/* Amend predicates that contain no predicate expressions. Currenlty only amend with NULLITY predicates */
+bool FuncNode::amend_predicate_expr(Predicate * curr_pred, FuncInst * next_inst, ModelAction * next_act)
 {
-       model_print("digraph function_%s {\n", func_name);
-       predicate_tree_entry->print_pred_subtree();
-       model_print("}\n");     // end of graph
+       ModelVector<Predicate *> * children = curr_pred->get_children();
+
+       Predicate * unset_pred = NULL;
+       for (uint i = 0;i < children->size();i++) {
+               Predicate * child = (*children)[i];
+               if (child->get_func_inst() == next_inst) {
+                       unset_pred = child;
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+
+       uint64_t read_val = next_act->get_reads_from_value();
+
+       // only generate NULLITY predicate when it is actually NULL.
+       if ( !next_inst->is_single_location() && (void*)read_val == NULL ) {
+               Predicate * new_pred = new Predicate(next_inst);
+
+               curr_pred->add_child(new_pred);
+               new_pred->set_parent(curr_pred);
+
+               unset_pred->add_predicate_expr(NULLITY, NULL, false);
+               new_pred->add_predicate_expr(NULLITY, NULL, true);
+
+               return true;
+       }
+
+       return false;
+}
+
+void FuncNode::add_to_val_loc_map(uint64_t val, void * loc)
+{
+       loc_set_t * locations = val_loc_map->get(val);
+
+       if (locations == NULL) {
+               locations = new loc_set_t();
+               val_loc_map->put(val, locations);
+       }
+
+       update_loc_may_equal_map(loc, locations);
+       locations->add(loc);
+       // values_may_read_from->add(val);
+}
+
+void FuncNode::add_to_val_loc_map(value_set_t * values, void * loc)
+{
+       if (values == NULL)
+               return;
+
+       value_set_iter * it = values->iterator();
+       while (it->hasNext()) {
+               uint64_t val = it->next();
+               add_to_val_loc_map(val, loc);
+       }
+
+       delete it;
+}
+
+void FuncNode::update_loc_may_equal_map(void * new_loc, loc_set_t * old_locations)
+{
+       if ( old_locations->contains(new_loc) )
+               return;
+
+       loc_set_t * neighbors = loc_may_equal_map->get(new_loc);
+
+       if (neighbors == NULL) {
+               neighbors = new loc_set_t();
+               loc_may_equal_map->put(new_loc, neighbors);
+       }
+
+       loc_set_iter * loc_it = old_locations->iterator();
+       while (loc_it->hasNext()) {
+               // new_loc: { old_locations, ... }
+               void * member = loc_it->next();
+               neighbors->add(member);
+
+               // for each i in old_locations, i : { new_loc, ... }
+               loc_set_t * _neighbors = loc_may_equal_map->get(member);
+               if (_neighbors == NULL) {
+                       _neighbors = new loc_set_t();
+                       loc_may_equal_map->put(member, _neighbors);
+               }
+               _neighbors->add(new_loc);
+       }
+
+       delete loc_it;
+}
+
+/* Every time a thread enters a function, set its position to the predicate tree entry */
+void FuncNode::init_predicate_tree_position(thread_id_t tid)
+{
+       int thread_id = id_to_int(tid);
+       if (predicate_tree_position.size() <= (uint) thread_id)
+               predicate_tree_position.resize(thread_id + 1);
+
+       predicate_tree_position[thread_id] = predicate_tree_entry;
+}
+
+void FuncNode::set_predicate_tree_position(thread_id_t tid, Predicate * pred)
+{
+       int thread_id = id_to_int(tid);
+       predicate_tree_position[thread_id] = pred;
+}
+
+/* @return The position of a thread in a predicate tree */
+Predicate * FuncNode::get_predicate_tree_position(thread_id_t tid)
+{
+       int thread_id = id_to_int(tid);
+       return predicate_tree_position[thread_id];
+}
+
+/* Make sure elements of thrd_inst_act_map are initialized properly when threads enter functions */
+void FuncNode::init_inst_act_map(thread_id_t tid)
+{
+       int thread_id = id_to_int(tid);
+       SnapVector<inst_act_map_t *> * thrd_inst_act_map = history->getThrdInstActMap(func_id);
+       uint old_size = thrd_inst_act_map->size();
+
+       if (thrd_inst_act_map->size() <= (uint) thread_id) {
+               uint new_size = thread_id + 1;
+               thrd_inst_act_map->resize(new_size);
+
+               for (uint i = old_size;i < new_size;i++)
+                       (*thrd_inst_act_map)[i] = new inst_act_map_t(128);
+       }
+}
+
+/* Reset elements of thrd_inst_act_map when threads exit functions */
+void FuncNode::reset_inst_act_map(thread_id_t tid)
+{
+       int thread_id = id_to_int(tid);
+       SnapVector<inst_act_map_t *> * thrd_inst_act_map = history->getThrdInstActMap(func_id);
+
+       inst_act_map_t * map = (*thrd_inst_act_map)[thread_id];
+       map->reset();
+}
+
+void FuncNode::update_inst_act_map(thread_id_t tid, ModelAction * read_act)
+{
+       int thread_id = id_to_int(tid);
+       SnapVector<inst_act_map_t *> * thrd_inst_act_map = history->getThrdInstActMap(func_id);
+
+       inst_act_map_t * map = (*thrd_inst_act_map)[thread_id];
+       FuncInst * read_inst = get_inst(read_act);
+       map->put(read_inst, read_act);
+}
+
+inst_act_map_t * FuncNode::get_inst_act_map(thread_id_t tid)
+{
+       int thread_id = id_to_int(tid);
+       SnapVector<inst_act_map_t *> * thrd_inst_act_map = history->getThrdInstActMap(func_id);
+
+       return (*thrd_inst_act_map)[thread_id];
+}
+
+/* Add FuncNodes that this node may follow */
+void FuncNode::add_out_edge(FuncNode * other)
+{
+       if ( !edge_table.contains(other) ) {
+               edge_table.put(other, OUT_EDGE);
+               out_edges.push_back(other);
+               return;
+       }
+
+       edge_type_t edge = edge_table.get(other);
+       if (edge == IN_EDGE) {
+               edge_table.put(other, BI_EDGE);
+               out_edges.push_back(other);
+       }
 }
 
-/* @param tid thread id
- * Print the values read by the last read actions for each memory location
+/* Compute the distance between this FuncNode and the target node.
+ * Return -1 if the target node is unreachable or the actual distance
+ * is greater than max_step.
  */
-/*
-void FuncNode::print_last_read(uint32_t tid)
+int FuncNode::compute_distance(FuncNode * target, int max_step)
 {
-       ASSERT(thrd_read_map.size() > tid);
-       read_map_t * read_map = thrd_read_map[tid];
+       if (target == NULL)
+               return -1;
+       else if (target == this)
+               return 0;
 
-       mllnode<void *> * it;
-       for (it = read_locations.begin();it != NULL;it=it->getNext()) {
-               if ( !read_map->contains(it->getVal()) )
-                       break;
+       SnapList<FuncNode *> queue;
+       HashTable<FuncNode *, int, uintptr_t, 0> distances(128);
+
+       queue.push_back(this);
+       distances.put(this, 0);
+
+       while (!queue.empty()) {
+               FuncNode * curr = queue.front();
+               queue.pop_front();
+               int dist = distances.get(curr);
+
+               if (max_step <= dist)
+                       return -1;
+
+               ModelList<FuncNode *> * outEdges = curr->get_out_edges();
+               mllnode<FuncNode *> * it;
+               for (it = outEdges->begin();it != NULL;it = it->getNext()) {
+                       FuncNode * out_node = it->getVal();
+
+                       /* This node has not been visited before */
+                       if ( !distances.contains(out_node) ) {
+                               if (out_node == target)
+                                       return dist + 1;
+
+                               queue.push_back(out_node);
+                               distances.put(out_node, dist + 1);
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* Target node is unreachable */
+       return -1;
+}
+
+void FuncNode::add_failed_predicate(Predicate * pred)
+{
+       failed_predicates.add(pred);
+}
+
+/* Implement quick sort to sort leaves before assigning base scores */
+template<typename _Tp>
+static int partition(ModelVector<_Tp *> * arr, int low, int high)
+{
+       unsigned int pivot = (*arr)[high] -> get_depth();
+       int i = low - 1;
+
+       for (int j = low;j <= high - 1;j ++) {
+               if ( (*arr)[j] -> get_depth() < pivot ) {
+                       i ++;
+                       _Tp * tmp = (*arr)[i];
+                       (*arr)[i] = (*arr)[j];
+                       (*arr)[j] = tmp;
+               }
+       }
+
+       _Tp * tmp = (*arr)[i + 1];
+       (*arr)[i + 1] = (*arr)[high];
+       (*arr)[high] = tmp;
+
+       return i + 1;
+}
+
+/* Implement quick sort to sort leaves before assigning base scores */
+template<typename _Tp>
+static void quickSort(ModelVector<_Tp *> * arr, int low, int high)
+{
+       if (low < high) {
+               int pi = partition(arr, low, high);
+
+               quickSort(arr, low, pi - 1);
+               quickSort(arr, pi + 1, high);
+       }
+}
+
+void FuncNode::assign_initial_weight()
+{
+       PredSetIter * it = predicate_leaves.iterator();
+       leaves_tmp_storage.clear();
+
+       while (it->hasNext()) {
+               Predicate * pred = it->next();
+               double weight = 100.0 / sqrt(pred->get_expl_count() + pred->get_fail_count() + 1);
+               pred->set_weight(weight);
+               leaves_tmp_storage.push_back(pred);
+       }
+       delete it;
 
-               uint64_t read_val = read_map->get(it->getVal());
-               model_print("last read of thread %d at %p: 0x%x\n", tid, it->getVal(), read_val);
+       quickSort(&leaves_tmp_storage, 0, leaves_tmp_storage.size() - 1);
+
+       // assign scores for internal nodes;
+       while ( !leaves_tmp_storage.empty() ) {
+               Predicate * leaf = leaves_tmp_storage.back();
+               leaves_tmp_storage.pop_back();
+
+               Predicate * curr = leaf->get_parent();
+               while (curr != NULL) {
+                       if (curr->get_weight() != 0) {
+                               // Has been exlpored
+                               break;
+                       }
+
+                       ModelVector<Predicate *> * children = curr->get_children();
+                       double weight_sum = 0;
+                       bool has_unassigned_node = false;
+
+                       for (uint i = 0;i < children->size();i++) {
+                               Predicate * child = (*children)[i];
+
+                               // If a child has unassigned weight
+                               double weight = child->get_weight();
+                               if (weight == 0) {
+                                       has_unassigned_node = true;
+                                       break;
+                               } else
+                                       weight_sum += weight;
+                       }
+
+                       if (!has_unassigned_node) {
+                               double average_weight = (double) weight_sum / (double) children->size();
+                               double weight = average_weight * pow(0.9, curr->get_depth());
+                               curr->set_weight(weight);
+                       } else
+                               break;
+
+                       curr = curr->get_parent();
+               }
+       }
+}
+
+void FuncNode::update_predicate_tree_weight()
+{
+       if (marker == 2) {
+               // Predicate tree is initially built
+               assign_initial_weight();
+               return;
+       }
+
+       weight_debug_vec.clear();
+
+       PredSetIter * it = failed_predicates.iterator();
+       while (it->hasNext()) {
+               Predicate * pred = it->next();
+               leaves_tmp_storage.push_back(pred);
+       }
+       delete it;
+       failed_predicates.reset();
+
+       quickSort(&leaves_tmp_storage, 0, leaves_tmp_storage.size() - 1);
+       for (uint i = 0;i < leaves_tmp_storage.size();i++) {
+               Predicate * pred = leaves_tmp_storage[i];
+               double weight = 100.0 / sqrt(pred->get_expl_count() + pred->get_fail_count() + 1);
+               pred->set_weight(weight);
+       }
+
+       // Update weights in internal nodes
+       while ( !leaves_tmp_storage.empty() ) {
+               Predicate * leaf = leaves_tmp_storage.back();
+               leaves_tmp_storage.pop_back();
+
+               Predicate * curr = leaf->get_parent();
+               while (curr != NULL) {
+                       ModelVector<Predicate *> * children = curr->get_children();
+                       double weight_sum = 0;
+                       bool has_unassigned_node = false;
+
+                       for (uint i = 0;i < children->size();i++) {
+                               Predicate * child = (*children)[i];
+
+                               double weight = child->get_weight();
+                               if (weight != 0)
+                                       weight_sum += weight;
+                               else if ( predicate_leaves.contains(child) ) {
+                                       // If this child is a leaf
+                                       double weight = 100.0 / sqrt(child->get_expl_count() + 1);
+                                       child->set_weight(weight);
+                                       weight_sum += weight;
+                               } else {
+                                       has_unassigned_node = true;
+                                       weight_debug_vec.push_back(child);      // For debugging purpose
+                                       break;
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       if (!has_unassigned_node) {
+                               double average_weight = (double) weight_sum / (double) children->size();
+                               double weight = average_weight * pow(0.9, curr->get_depth());
+                               curr->set_weight(weight);
+                       } else
+                               break;
+
+                       curr = curr->get_parent();
+               }
        }
+
+       for (uint i = 0;i < weight_debug_vec.size();i++) {
+               Predicate * tmp = weight_debug_vec[i];
+               ASSERT( tmp->get_weight() != 0 );
+       }
+}
+
+void FuncNode::print_predicate_tree()
+{
+       model_print("digraph function_%s {\n", func_name);
+       predicate_tree_entry->print_pred_subtree();
+       predicate_tree_exit->print_predicate();
+       model_print("}\n");     // end of graph
 }
-*/