Add support to ValueTracking for determining that a pointer is non-null

Add support to ValueTracking for determining that a pointer is non-null
by virtue of inbounds GEPs that preclude a null pointer.

This is a very common pattern in the code generated by std::vector and
other standard library routines which use allocators that test for null
pervasively. This is one step closer to teaching Clang+LLVM to be able
to produce an empty function for:

  void f() {
    std::vector<int> v;
    v.push_back(1);
    v.push_back(2);
    v.push_back(3);
    v.push_back(4);
  }

Which is related to getting them to completely fold SmallVector
push_back sequences into constants when inlining and other optimizations
make that a possibility.

git-svn-id: https://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/llvm/trunk@169573 91177308-0d34-0410-b5e6-96231b3b80d8