DebugInfo: Move new hierarchy into place

DebugInfo: Move new hierarchy into place

Move the specialized metadata nodes for the new debug info hierarchy
into place, finishing off PR22464.  I've done bootstraps (and all that)
and I'm confident this commit is NFC as far as DWARF output is
concerned.  Let me know if I'm wrong :).

The code changes are fairly mechanical:

  - Bumped the "Debug Info Version".
  - `DIBuilder` now creates the appropriate subclass of `MDNode`.
  - Subclasses of DIDescriptor now expect to hold their "MD"
    counterparts (e.g., `DIBasicType` expects `MDBasicType`).
  - Deleted a ton of dead code in `AsmWriter.cpp` and `DebugInfo.cpp`
    for printing comments.
  - Big update to LangRef to describe the nodes in the new hierarchy.
    Feel free to make it better.

Testcase changes are enormous.  There's an accompanying clang commit on
its way.

If you have out-of-tree debug info testcases, I just broke your build.

  - `upgrade-specialized-nodes.sh` is attached to PR22564.  I used it to
    update all the IR testcases.
  - Unfortunately I failed to find way to script the updates to CHECK
    lines, so I updated all of these by hand.  This was fairly painful,
    since the old CHECKs are difficult to reason about.  That's one of
    the benefits of the new hierarchy.

This work isn't quite finished, BTW.  The `DIDescriptor` subclasses are
almost empty wrappers, but not quite: they still have loose casting
checks (see the `RETURN_FROM_RAW()` macro).  Once they're completely
gutted, I'll rename the "MD" classes to "DI" and kill the wrappers.  I
also expect to make a few schema changes now that it's easier to reason
about everything.

git-svn-id: https://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/llvm/trunk@231082 91177308-0d34-0410-b5e6-96231b3b80d8