+template<class Src>
+struct HasLengthEstimator : std::false_type {};
+
+template <class Src>
+constexpr typename std::enable_if<
+ !std::is_fundamental<Src>::value
+ && !IsSomeString<Src>::value
+ && !std::is_convertible<Src, const char*>::value
+ && !std::is_convertible<Src, StringPiece>::value
+ && !std::is_enum<Src>::value
+ && !HasLengthEstimator<Src>::value,
+ size_t>::type
+estimateSpaceNeeded(const Src&) {
+ return sizeof(Src) + 1; // dumbest best effort ever?
+}
+
+namespace detail {
+
+inline size_t estimateSpaceToReserve(size_t sofar) {
+ return sofar;
+}
+
+template <class T, class... Ts>
+size_t estimateSpaceToReserve(size_t sofar, const T& v, const Ts&... vs) {
+ return estimateSpaceToReserve(sofar + estimateSpaceNeeded(v), vs...);
+}
+
+template<class T>
+size_t estimateSpaceToReserve(size_t sofar, const T& v) {
+ return sofar + estimateSpaceNeeded(v);
+}
+
+template<class...Ts>
+void reserveInTarget(const Ts&...vs) {
+ getLastElement(vs...)->reserve(estimateSpaceToReserve(0, vs...));
+}
+
+template<class Delimiter, class...Ts>
+void reserveInTargetDelim(const Delimiter& d, const Ts&...vs) {
+ static_assert(sizeof...(vs) >= 2, "Needs at least 2 args");
+ size_t fordelim = (sizeof...(vs) - 2) * estimateSpaceToReserve(0, d);
+ getLastElement(vs...)->reserve(estimateSpaceToReserve(fordelim, vs...));
+}
+
+/**
+ * Variadic base case: append one element
+ */
+template <class T, class Tgt>
+typename std::enable_if<
+ IsSomeString<typename std::remove_pointer<Tgt>::type>
+ ::value>::type
+toAppendStrImpl(const T& v, Tgt result) {
+ toAppend(v, result);
+}
+