1 #ifndef _LINUX_CLOSURE_H
2 #define _LINUX_CLOSURE_H
4 #include <linux/llist.h>
5 #include <linux/sched.h>
6 #include <linux/workqueue.h>
9 * Closure is perhaps the most overused and abused term in computer science, but
10 * since I've been unable to come up with anything better you're stuck with it
15 * They embed a refcount. The basic idea is they count "things that are in
16 * progress" - in flight bios, some other thread that's doing something else -
17 * anything you might want to wait on.
19 * The refcount may be manipulated with closure_get() and closure_put().
20 * closure_put() is where many of the interesting things happen, when it causes
21 * the refcount to go to 0.
23 * Closures can be used to wait on things both synchronously and asynchronously,
24 * and synchronous and asynchronous use can be mixed without restriction. To
25 * wait synchronously, use closure_sync() - you will sleep until your closure's
28 * To wait asynchronously, use
29 * continue_at(cl, next_function, workqueue);
31 * passing it, as you might expect, the function to run when nothing is pending
32 * and the workqueue to run that function out of.
34 * continue_at() also, critically, is a macro that returns the calling function.
35 * There's good reason for this.
37 * To use safely closures asynchronously, they must always have a refcount while
38 * they are running owned by the thread that is running them. Otherwise, suppose
39 * you submit some bios and wish to have a function run when they all complete:
41 * foo_endio(struct bio *bio, int error)
50 * bio1->bi_endio = foo_endio;
55 * bio2->bi_endio = foo_endio;
58 * continue_at(cl, complete_some_read, system_wq);
60 * If closure's refcount started at 0, complete_some_read() could run before the
61 * second bio was submitted - which is almost always not what you want! More
62 * importantly, it wouldn't be possible to say whether the original thread or
63 * complete_some_read()'s thread owned the closure - and whatever state it was
66 * So, closure_init() initializes a closure's refcount to 1 - and when a
67 * closure_fn is run, the refcount will be reset to 1 first.
69 * Then, the rule is - if you got the refcount with closure_get(), release it
70 * with closure_put() (i.e, in a bio->bi_endio function). If you have a refcount
71 * on a closure because you called closure_init() or you were run out of a
72 * closure - _always_ use continue_at(). Doing so consistently will help
73 * eliminate an entire class of particularly pernicious races.
75 * Lastly, you might have a wait list dedicated to a specific event, and have no
76 * need for specifying the condition - you just want to wait until someone runs
77 * closure_wake_up() on the appropriate wait list. In that case, just use
78 * closure_wait(). It will return either true or false, depending on whether the
79 * closure was already on a wait list or not - a closure can only be on one wait
84 * closure_init() takes two arguments - it takes the closure to initialize, and
85 * a (possibly null) parent.
87 * If parent is non null, the new closure will have a refcount for its lifetime;
88 * a closure is considered to be "finished" when its refcount hits 0 and the
89 * function to run is null. Hence
91 * continue_at(cl, NULL, NULL);
93 * returns up the (spaghetti) stack of closures, precisely like normal return
94 * returns up the C stack. continue_at() with non null fn is better thought of
95 * as doing a tail call.
97 * All this implies that a closure should typically be embedded in a particular
98 * struct (which its refcount will normally control the lifetime of), and that
99 * struct can very much be thought of as a stack frame.
103 typedef void (closure_fn) (struct closure *);
105 struct closure_waitlist {
106 struct llist_head list;
111 * CLOSURE_WAITING: Set iff the closure is on a waitlist. Must be set by
112 * the thread that owns the closure, and cleared by the thread that's
113 * waking up the closure.
115 * CLOSURE_SLEEPING: Must be set before a thread uses a closure to sleep
116 * - indicates that cl->task is valid and closure_put() may wake it up.
117 * Only set or cleared by the thread that owns the closure.
119 * The rest are for debugging and don't affect behaviour:
121 * CLOSURE_RUNNING: Set when a closure is running (i.e. by
122 * closure_init() and when closure_put() runs then next function), and
123 * must be cleared before remaining hits 0. Primarily to help guard
124 * against incorrect usage and accidentally transferring references.
125 * continue_at() and closure_return() clear it for you, if you're doing
126 * something unusual you can use closure_set_dead() which also helps
127 * annotate where references are being transferred.
129 * CLOSURE_STACK: Sanity check - remaining should never hit 0 on a
130 * closure with this flag set
133 CLOSURE_BITS_START = (1 << 23),
134 CLOSURE_DESTRUCTOR = (1 << 23),
135 CLOSURE_WAITING = (1 << 25),
136 CLOSURE_SLEEPING = (1 << 27),
137 CLOSURE_RUNNING = (1 << 29),
138 CLOSURE_STACK = (1 << 31),
141 #define CLOSURE_GUARD_MASK \
142 ((CLOSURE_DESTRUCTOR|CLOSURE_WAITING|CLOSURE_SLEEPING| \
143 CLOSURE_RUNNING|CLOSURE_STACK) << 1)
145 #define CLOSURE_REMAINING_MASK (CLOSURE_BITS_START - 1)
146 #define CLOSURE_REMAINING_INITIALIZER (1|CLOSURE_RUNNING)
151 struct workqueue_struct *wq;
152 struct task_struct *task;
153 struct llist_node list;
156 struct work_struct work;
159 struct closure *parent;
163 #ifdef CONFIG_BCACHE_CLOSURES_DEBUG
164 #define CLOSURE_MAGIC_DEAD 0xc054dead
165 #define CLOSURE_MAGIC_ALIVE 0xc054a11e
168 struct list_head all;
170 unsigned long waiting_on;
174 void closure_sub(struct closure *cl, int v);
175 void closure_put(struct closure *cl);
176 void __closure_wake_up(struct closure_waitlist *list);
177 bool closure_wait(struct closure_waitlist *list, struct closure *cl);
178 void closure_sync(struct closure *cl);
180 #ifdef CONFIG_BCACHE_CLOSURES_DEBUG
182 void closure_debug_init(void);
183 void closure_debug_create(struct closure *cl);
184 void closure_debug_destroy(struct closure *cl);
188 static inline void closure_debug_init(void) {}
189 static inline void closure_debug_create(struct closure *cl) {}
190 static inline void closure_debug_destroy(struct closure *cl) {}
194 static inline void closure_set_ip(struct closure *cl)
196 #ifdef CONFIG_BCACHE_CLOSURES_DEBUG
201 static inline void closure_set_ret_ip(struct closure *cl)
203 #ifdef CONFIG_BCACHE_CLOSURES_DEBUG
208 static inline void closure_set_waiting(struct closure *cl, unsigned long f)
210 #ifdef CONFIG_BCACHE_CLOSURES_DEBUG
215 static inline void __closure_end_sleep(struct closure *cl)
217 __set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
219 if (atomic_read(&cl->remaining) & CLOSURE_SLEEPING)
220 atomic_sub(CLOSURE_SLEEPING, &cl->remaining);
223 static inline void __closure_start_sleep(struct closure *cl)
227 set_current_state(TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
229 if (!(atomic_read(&cl->remaining) & CLOSURE_SLEEPING))
230 atomic_add(CLOSURE_SLEEPING, &cl->remaining);
233 static inline void closure_set_stopped(struct closure *cl)
235 atomic_sub(CLOSURE_RUNNING, &cl->remaining);
238 static inline void set_closure_fn(struct closure *cl, closure_fn *fn,
239 struct workqueue_struct *wq)
241 BUG_ON(object_is_on_stack(cl));
245 /* between atomic_dec() in closure_put() */
246 smp_mb__before_atomic();
249 static inline void closure_queue(struct closure *cl)
251 struct workqueue_struct *wq = cl->wq;
253 INIT_WORK(&cl->work, cl->work.func);
254 BUG_ON(!queue_work(wq, &cl->work));
260 * closure_get - increment a closure's refcount
262 static inline void closure_get(struct closure *cl)
264 #ifdef CONFIG_BCACHE_CLOSURES_DEBUG
265 BUG_ON((atomic_inc_return(&cl->remaining) &
266 CLOSURE_REMAINING_MASK) <= 1);
268 atomic_inc(&cl->remaining);
273 * closure_init - Initialize a closure, setting the refcount to 1
274 * @cl: closure to initialize
275 * @parent: parent of the new closure. cl will take a refcount on it for its
276 * lifetime; may be NULL.
278 static inline void closure_init(struct closure *cl, struct closure *parent)
280 memset(cl, 0, sizeof(struct closure));
285 atomic_set(&cl->remaining, CLOSURE_REMAINING_INITIALIZER);
287 closure_debug_create(cl);
291 static inline void closure_init_stack(struct closure *cl)
293 memset(cl, 0, sizeof(struct closure));
294 atomic_set(&cl->remaining, CLOSURE_REMAINING_INITIALIZER|CLOSURE_STACK);
298 * closure_wake_up - wake up all closures on a wait list.
300 static inline void closure_wake_up(struct closure_waitlist *list)
303 __closure_wake_up(list);
307 * continue_at - jump to another function with barrier
309 * After @cl is no longer waiting on anything (i.e. all outstanding refs have
310 * been dropped with closure_put()), it will resume execution at @fn running out
311 * of @wq (or, if @wq is NULL, @fn will be called by closure_put() directly).
313 * NOTE: This macro expands to a return in the calling function!
315 * This is because after calling continue_at() you no longer have a ref on @cl,
316 * and whatever @cl owns may be freed out from under you - a running closure fn
317 * has a ref on its own closure which continue_at() drops.
319 #define continue_at(_cl, _fn, _wq) \
321 set_closure_fn(_cl, _fn, _wq); \
322 closure_sub(_cl, CLOSURE_RUNNING + 1); \
326 * closure_return - finish execution of a closure
328 * This is used to indicate that @cl is finished: when all outstanding refs on
329 * @cl have been dropped @cl's ref on its parent closure (as passed to
330 * closure_init()) will be dropped, if one was specified - thus this can be
331 * thought of as returning to the parent closure.
333 #define closure_return(_cl) continue_at((_cl), NULL, NULL)
336 * continue_at_nobarrier - jump to another function without barrier
338 * Causes @fn to be executed out of @cl, in @wq context (or called directly if
341 * NOTE: like continue_at(), this macro expands to a return in the caller!
343 * The ref the caller of continue_at_nobarrier() had on @cl is now owned by @fn,
344 * thus it's not safe to touch anything protected by @cl after a
345 * continue_at_nobarrier().
347 #define continue_at_nobarrier(_cl, _fn, _wq) \
349 set_closure_fn(_cl, _fn, _wq); \
350 closure_queue(_cl); \
354 * closure_return - finish execution of a closure, with destructor
356 * Works like closure_return(), except @destructor will be called when all
357 * outstanding refs on @cl have been dropped; @destructor may be used to safely
358 * free the memory occupied by @cl, and it is called with the ref on the parent
359 * closure still held - so @destructor could safely return an item to a
360 * freelist protected by @cl's parent.
362 #define closure_return_with_destructor(_cl, _destructor) \
364 set_closure_fn(_cl, _destructor, NULL); \
365 closure_sub(_cl, CLOSURE_RUNNING - CLOSURE_DESTRUCTOR + 1); \
369 * closure_call - execute @fn out of a new, uninitialized closure
371 * Typically used when running out of one closure, and we want to run @fn
372 * asynchronously out of a new closure - @parent will then wait for @cl to
375 static inline void closure_call(struct closure *cl, closure_fn fn,
376 struct workqueue_struct *wq,
377 struct closure *parent)
379 closure_init(cl, parent);
380 continue_at_nobarrier(cl, fn, wq);
383 #endif /* _LINUX_CLOSURE_H */