2 * Copyright (C) 1995 Linus Torvalds
4 * Pentium III FXSR, SSE support
5 * Gareth Hughes <gareth@valinux.com>, May 2000
9 * This file handles the architecture-dependent parts of process handling..
12 #include <linux/cpu.h>
13 #include <linux/errno.h>
14 #include <linux/sched.h>
16 #include <linux/kernel.h>
18 #include <linux/elfcore.h>
19 #include <linux/smp.h>
20 #include <linux/stddef.h>
21 #include <linux/slab.h>
22 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
23 #include <linux/user.h>
24 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
25 #include <linux/delay.h>
26 #include <linux/reboot.h>
27 #include <linux/init.h>
28 #include <linux/mc146818rtc.h>
29 #include <linux/module.h>
30 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
31 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
32 #include <linux/personality.h>
33 #include <linux/percpu.h>
34 #include <linux/prctl.h>
35 #include <linux/ftrace.h>
36 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
38 #include <linux/kdebug.h>
40 #include <asm/pgtable.h>
42 #include <asm/processor.h>
44 #include <asm/fpu-internal.h>
46 #ifdef CONFIG_MATH_EMULATION
47 #include <asm/math_emu.h>
50 #include <linux/err.h>
52 #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
55 #include <asm/syscalls.h>
56 #include <asm/debugreg.h>
57 #include <asm/switch_to.h>
59 asmlinkage void ret_from_fork(void) __asm__("ret_from_fork");
60 asmlinkage void ret_from_kernel_thread(void) __asm__("ret_from_kernel_thread");
63 * Return saved PC of a blocked thread.
65 unsigned long thread_saved_pc(struct task_struct *tsk)
67 return ((unsigned long *)tsk->thread.sp)[3];
70 void __show_regs(struct pt_regs *regs, int all)
72 unsigned long cr0 = 0L, cr2 = 0L, cr3 = 0L, cr4 = 0L;
73 unsigned long d0, d1, d2, d3, d6, d7;
75 unsigned short ss, gs;
77 if (user_mode_vm(regs)) {
79 ss = regs->ss & 0xffff;
80 gs = get_user_gs(regs);
82 sp = kernel_stack_pointer(regs);
87 printk(KERN_DEFAULT "EIP: %04x:[<%08lx>] EFLAGS: %08lx CPU: %d\n",
88 (u16)regs->cs, regs->ip, regs->flags,
90 print_symbol("EIP is at %s\n", regs->ip);
92 printk(KERN_DEFAULT "EAX: %08lx EBX: %08lx ECX: %08lx EDX: %08lx\n",
93 regs->ax, regs->bx, regs->cx, regs->dx);
94 printk(KERN_DEFAULT "ESI: %08lx EDI: %08lx EBP: %08lx ESP: %08lx\n",
95 regs->si, regs->di, regs->bp, sp);
96 printk(KERN_DEFAULT " DS: %04x ES: %04x FS: %04x GS: %04x SS: %04x\n",
97 (u16)regs->ds, (u16)regs->es, (u16)regs->fs, gs, ss);
105 cr4 = read_cr4_safe();
106 printk(KERN_DEFAULT "CR0: %08lx CR2: %08lx CR3: %08lx CR4: %08lx\n",
113 printk(KERN_DEFAULT "DR0: %08lx DR1: %08lx DR2: %08lx DR3: %08lx\n",
118 printk(KERN_DEFAULT "DR6: %08lx DR7: %08lx\n",
122 void release_thread(struct task_struct *dead_task)
124 BUG_ON(dead_task->mm);
125 release_vm86_irqs(dead_task);
128 int copy_thread(unsigned long clone_flags, unsigned long sp,
129 unsigned long arg, struct task_struct *p)
131 struct pt_regs *childregs = task_pt_regs(p);
132 struct task_struct *tsk;
135 p->thread.sp = (unsigned long) childregs;
136 p->thread.sp0 = (unsigned long) (childregs+1);
138 if (unlikely(p->flags & PF_KTHREAD)) {
140 memset(childregs, 0, sizeof(struct pt_regs));
141 p->thread.ip = (unsigned long) ret_from_kernel_thread;
142 task_user_gs(p) = __KERNEL_STACK_CANARY;
143 childregs->ds = __USER_DS;
144 childregs->es = __USER_DS;
145 childregs->fs = __KERNEL_PERCPU;
146 childregs->bx = sp; /* function */
148 childregs->orig_ax = -1;
149 childregs->cs = __KERNEL_CS | get_kernel_rpl();
150 childregs->flags = X86_EFLAGS_IF | X86_EFLAGS_BIT1;
152 p->thread.io_bitmap_ptr = NULL;
153 memset(p->thread.ptrace_bps, 0, sizeof(p->thread.ptrace_bps));
156 *childregs = *current_pt_regs();
161 p->thread.ip = (unsigned long) ret_from_fork;
162 task_user_gs(p) = get_user_gs(current_pt_regs());
165 p->thread.io_bitmap_ptr = NULL;
169 memset(p->thread.ptrace_bps, 0, sizeof(p->thread.ptrace_bps));
171 if (unlikely(test_tsk_thread_flag(tsk, TIF_IO_BITMAP))) {
172 p->thread.io_bitmap_ptr = kmemdup(tsk->thread.io_bitmap_ptr,
173 IO_BITMAP_BYTES, GFP_KERNEL);
174 if (!p->thread.io_bitmap_ptr) {
175 p->thread.io_bitmap_max = 0;
178 set_tsk_thread_flag(p, TIF_IO_BITMAP);
184 * Set a new TLS for the child thread?
186 if (clone_flags & CLONE_SETTLS)
187 err = do_set_thread_area(p, -1,
188 (struct user_desc __user *)childregs->si, 0);
190 if (err && p->thread.io_bitmap_ptr) {
191 kfree(p->thread.io_bitmap_ptr);
192 p->thread.io_bitmap_max = 0;
198 start_thread(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long new_ip, unsigned long new_sp)
200 set_user_gs(regs, 0);
202 regs->ds = __USER_DS;
203 regs->es = __USER_DS;
204 regs->ss = __USER_DS;
205 regs->cs = __USER_CS;
208 regs->flags = X86_EFLAGS_IF;
210 * force it to the iret return path by making it look as if there was
213 set_thread_flag(TIF_NOTIFY_RESUME);
215 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(start_thread);
219 * switch_to(x,y) should switch tasks from x to y.
221 * We fsave/fwait so that an exception goes off at the right time
222 * (as a call from the fsave or fwait in effect) rather than to
223 * the wrong process. Lazy FP saving no longer makes any sense
224 * with modern CPU's, and this simplifies a lot of things (SMP
225 * and UP become the same).
227 * NOTE! We used to use the x86 hardware context switching. The
228 * reason for not using it any more becomes apparent when you
229 * try to recover gracefully from saved state that is no longer
230 * valid (stale segment register values in particular). With the
231 * hardware task-switch, there is no way to fix up bad state in
232 * a reasonable manner.
234 * The fact that Intel documents the hardware task-switching to
235 * be slow is a fairly red herring - this code is not noticeably
236 * faster. However, there _is_ some room for improvement here,
237 * so the performance issues may eventually be a valid point.
238 * More important, however, is the fact that this allows us much
241 * The return value (in %ax) will be the "prev" task after
242 * the task-switch, and shows up in ret_from_fork in entry.S,
245 __notrace_funcgraph struct task_struct *
246 __switch_to(struct task_struct *prev_p, struct task_struct *next_p)
248 struct thread_struct *prev = &prev_p->thread,
249 *next = &next_p->thread;
250 int cpu = smp_processor_id();
251 struct tss_struct *tss = &per_cpu(init_tss, cpu);
254 /* never put a printk in __switch_to... printk() calls wake_up*() indirectly */
256 fpu = switch_fpu_prepare(prev_p, next_p, cpu);
264 * Save away %gs. No need to save %fs, as it was saved on the
265 * stack on entry. No need to save %es and %ds, as those are
266 * always kernel segments while inside the kernel. Doing this
267 * before setting the new TLS descriptors avoids the situation
268 * where we temporarily have non-reloadable segments in %fs
269 * and %gs. This could be an issue if the NMI handler ever
270 * used %fs or %gs (it does not today), or if the kernel is
271 * running inside of a hypervisor layer.
273 lazy_save_gs(prev->gs);
276 * Load the per-thread Thread-Local Storage descriptor.
281 * Restore IOPL if needed. In normal use, the flags restore
282 * in the switch assembly will handle this. But if the kernel
283 * is running virtualized at a non-zero CPL, the popf will
284 * not restore flags, so it must be done in a separate step.
286 if (get_kernel_rpl() && unlikely(prev->iopl != next->iopl))
287 set_iopl_mask(next->iopl);
290 * Now maybe handle debug registers and/or IO bitmaps
292 if (unlikely(task_thread_info(prev_p)->flags & _TIF_WORK_CTXSW_PREV ||
293 task_thread_info(next_p)->flags & _TIF_WORK_CTXSW_NEXT))
294 __switch_to_xtra(prev_p, next_p, tss);
297 * Leave lazy mode, flushing any hypercalls made here.
298 * This must be done before restoring TLS segments so
299 * the GDT and LDT are properly updated, and must be
300 * done before math_state_restore, so the TS bit is up
303 arch_end_context_switch(next_p);
306 * Restore %gs if needed (which is common)
308 if (prev->gs | next->gs)
309 lazy_load_gs(next->gs);
311 switch_fpu_finish(next_p, fpu);
313 this_cpu_write(current_task, next_p);
318 #define top_esp (THREAD_SIZE - sizeof(unsigned long))
319 #define top_ebp (THREAD_SIZE - 2*sizeof(unsigned long))
321 unsigned long get_wchan(struct task_struct *p)
323 unsigned long bp, sp, ip;
324 unsigned long stack_page;
326 if (!p || p == current || p->state == TASK_RUNNING)
328 stack_page = (unsigned long)task_stack_page(p);
330 if (!stack_page || sp < stack_page || sp > top_esp+stack_page)
332 /* include/asm-i386/system.h:switch_to() pushes bp last. */
333 bp = *(unsigned long *) sp;
335 if (bp < stack_page || bp > top_ebp+stack_page)
337 ip = *(unsigned long *) (bp+4);
338 if (!in_sched_functions(ip))
340 bp = *(unsigned long *) bp;
341 } while (count++ < 16);